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Spoistość więzi w obrębie mikrostruktury społecznej – szkic z zakresu socjologii literatury

100%
Banaś M.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
|
2018
|
issue 2(29)
295-304
EN
The research material for the analyzes presented in the article is “The Gardeners” community outlined by Margaret Atwood in MaddAddam trilogy. The literary record illustrates here the specific form of social microstructure operating in the world of modern utopia; it illustrates the complex nature of the structural levels of social reality. The aim of the study is to analyze the distinguished community in the perspective of the ontological assumptions of sociological structuralism – with particular emphasis being given on the dependencies resulting from the adoption of the close and distant categories of perspective. The author also refers to Emile Durkheim’s theory of social ties, emphasizing the importance of mechanical and organic solidarity as special properties organizing the functioning of the community.
2
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O znaczeniu więzi społecznych w procesie resocjalizacji

100%
Muskała M.
Studia Edukacyjne
|
2019
|
issue 52
107-125
EN
In this article the author analyzes the significance of social bonds in the process of social rehabilitation. The present analysis focuses on three main areas in which “accumulation of social ties” takes place,as a result of which a violation of the law may take place. First of all, marriage (family), good work and, depending on the author of the study, hobbies and interests, military service and education are mentioned. The text ends with the presentation of models showing the relationship between individual predispositions (internal factors) and life events (external factors) in the process of moving away from crime.
3

The Gift of Oneself from the Perspective of New Readings of “The Gift” by Marcel Mauss

100%
Malatesta Freitas M. D. S.
Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration
|
2014
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vol. 19
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issue 1-2
39-46
EN
The Gift: Forms and Functions of Exchange in Archaic Societies, by Marcel Mauss, is an important reference in Social Sciences for thinking about the theme of the gift, proposed in this congress. This brief work has as goal to present a rereading of The Gift by contemporary authors that try to think today’s society under this perspective. It’s a literature review of books and articles by Allain Caillé, Jacques Godbout and some Brazilian authors: Eric Sabourin, Marcos Lanna, Paulo Henrique Martins and Jorge Luiz Villela. It is important to emphasize, according to Caillé, 1998, that “the paradigm of the gift is not a machine for blowing solutions, but for inspiring questions”.
4

The convict’s family as a participant in his penal resocialisation readaptation and social reintegration

75%
Machel H.
Resocjalizacja Polska
|
2014
|
issue 7/2014
203-214
EN
One of the elements of penal social rehabilitation procedure is maintaining social ties with criminal’s families. The family bonds of criminal, maintained at an appropriate level, provide the basis for social re-processing, and for safeguarding criminals, freed conditionally or at the end of their sentences, from reoffending. Maintaining proper social ties between inmates and their families is essential for the proper process of penal reintegration and its end effect. The social bonds of prisoners can be classified according to the length of the sentence and depend on the type of sentence. If there is no family relationship (e.g. when someone is serving a sentence for an offense against their family) it is not possible to use it in the social rehabilitation process. Weak familial bonds can be reconstructed and treated as one of the process’s important objectives. A strong familial bond can and should be used to support and strengthen that process. The family bond is felt somewhat differently by women (the issue is concern for children, fear of abandonment by life partners, etc.) than by men. However, with regard to both categories of convicts, it plays an important role in the process of their rehabilitation and social re-adjustment, and helps prevent stigma. The recommended way of using good family relationships and rebuilding poor ties in penal work was applied with a positive effect for 20 months in a measured social rehabilitation experiment devised by the author, organised and implemented in a prison in Gdańsk –Przeróbka until the introduction of martial law in Poland in 1981. It was very positively evaluated by J. Rejman in his book entitled Change in the Polish penitentiary system – constraints and opportunities, published in 2013. The system operated throughout the entire prison facility and, as noted, was effective both in resocialisation and rehabilitation.
PL
Jednym z elementów resocjalizacyjnej procedury penitencjarnej jest utrzymywanie więzi społecznej z rodzinami skazanych. Więź rodzinna skazanych, utrzymywana na określonym poziomie, stanowi podstawę dla readaptacji społecznej, procesu zabezpieczającego skazanych zwolnionych z zakładu karnego w trybie warunkowym lub na koniec kary, przed powrotem do przestępstwa. Utrzymywanie poprawnej więzi społecznej skazanych z ich rodzinami ma istotne znaczenie dla poprawnego przebiegu procesu resocjalizacji penitencjarnej i jej końcowego efektu. Więź społeczną skazanych można sklasyfikować w zależności od długości kary pozbawienia wolności oraz w zależności od jej rodzaju. W przypadku braku więzi rodzinnej (np. gdy skazany odbywa karę za przestępstwo przeciwko rodzinie) nie ma możliwości wykorzystywania jej w procesie resocjalizacji. Słabą więź rodzinną można rekonstruować, traktując ją jako jeden z istotnych celów tego procesu. Silną więź rodzinną można i należy wykorzystywać do wspierania i wzmacniania tego procesu. Więź rodzinna nieco inaczej odczuwana jest przez kobiety (kwestia troski o dzieci, obawa przed porzuceniem przez partnerów życiowych itp.) i inaczej przez mężczyzn. Jednak w odniesieniu do obu kategorii skazanych odgrywa istotną rolę w procesie ich resocjalizacji i readaptacji społecznej, zapobiega stygmatyzacji. Zalecany sposób wykorzystania w pracy penitencjarnej dobrej więzi rodzinnej bądź odbudowania więzi słabej, był stosowany ze skutkiem pozytywnym przez 20 miesięcy w doświadczalnym systemie resocjalizacyjnym skonstruowanym przez autora, zorganizowanym i realizowanym w zakładzie karnym w Gdańsku-Przeróbce do chwili wprowadzenia w Polsce stanu wojennego w 1981 r. Bardzo pozytywnie ocenił go J. Rejman w swojej książce pt. Zmiana w polskim systemie penitencjarnym – ograniczenia i możliwości, wydanej w 2013 r. System obejmował cały zakład karny i był, jak zaznaczono, skuteczny zarówno resocjalizacyjnie, jak i readaptacyjnie.
5

Rodzina skazanego jako współuczestnik jego resocjalizacji penitencjarnej readaptacji i reintegracji społecznej

75%
Machel H.
Resocjalizacja Polska
|
2014
|
issue 7/2014
45-57
PL
Jednym z elementów resocjalizacyjnej procedury penitencjarnej jest utrzymywanie więzi społecznej z rodzinami skazanych. Więź rodzinna skazanych, utrzymywana na określonym poziomie, stanowi podstawę dla readaptacji społecznej, procesu zabezpieczającego skazanych zwolnionych z zakładu karnego w trybie warunkowym lub na koniec kary, przed powrotem do przestępstwa. Utrzymywanie poprawnej więzi społecznej skazanych z ich rodzinami ma istotne znaczenie dla poprawnego przebiegu procesu resocjalizacji penitencjarnej i jej końcowego efektu. Więź społeczną skazanych można sklasyfikować w zależności od długości kary pozbawienia wolności oraz w zależności od jej rodzaju. W przypadku braku więzi rodzinnej (np. gdy skazany odbywa karę za przestępstwo przeciwko rodzinie) nie ma możliwości wykorzystywania jej w procesie resocjalizacji. Słabą więź rodzinną można rekonstruować, traktując ją jako jeden z istotnych celów tego procesu. Silną więź rodzinną można i należy wykorzystywać do wspierania i wzmacniania tego procesu. Więź rodzinna nieco inaczej odczuwana jest przez kobiety (kwestia troski o dzieci, obawa przed porzuceniem przez partnerów życiowych itp.) i inaczej przez mężczyzn. Jednak w odniesieniu do obu kategorii skazanych odgrywa istotną rolę w procesie ich resocjalizacji i readaptacji społecznej, zapobiega stygmatyzacji. Zalecany sposób wykorzystania w pracy penitencjarnej dobrej więzi rodzinnej bądź odbudowania więzi słabej, był stosowany ze skutkiem pozytywnym przez 20 miesięcy w doświadczalnym systemie resocjalizacyjnym skonstruowanym przez autora, zorganizowanym i realizowanym w zakładzie karnym w Gdańsku-Przeróbce do chwili wprowadzenia w Polsce stanu wojennego w 1981 r. Bardzo pozytywnie ocenił go J. Rejman w swojej książce pt. Zmiana w polskim systemie penitencjarnym – ograniczenia i możliwości, wydanej w 2013 r. System obejmował cały zakład karny i był, jak zaznaczono, skuteczny zarówno resocjalizacyjnie, jak i readaptacyjnie.
EN
One of the elements of penal social rehabilitation procedure is maintaining social ties with criminal’s families. The family bonds of criminal, maintained at an appropriate level, provide the basis for social re-processing, and for safeguarding criminals, freed conditionally or at the end of their sentences, from reoffending. Maintaining proper social ties between inmates and their families is essential for the proper process of penal reintegration and its end effect. The social bonds of prisoners can be classified according to the length of the sentence and depend on the type of sentence. If there is no family relationship (e.g. when someone is serving a sentence for an offense against their family) it is not possible to use it in the social rehabilitation process. Weak familial bonds can be reconstructed and treated as one of the process’s important objectives. A strong familial bond can and should be used to support and strengthen that process. The family bond is felt somewhat differently by women (the issue is concern for children, fear of abandonment by life partners, etc.) than by men. However, with regard to both categories of convicts, it plays an important role in the process of their rehabilitation and social re-adjustment, and helps prevent stigma. The recommended way of using good family relationships and rebuilding poor ties in penal work was applied with a positive effect for 20 months in a measured social rehabilitation experiment devised by the author, organised and implemented in a prison in Gdańsk –Przeróbka until the introduction of martial law in Poland in 1981. It was very positively evaluated by J. Rejman in his book entitled Change in the Polish penitentiary system – constraints and opportunities, published in 2013. The system operated throughout the entire prison facility and, as noted, was effective both in resocialisation and rehabilitation.
6
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Przeobrażenia więzi rodzinno-społecznych w rodzinie XXI wieku

75%
Gałęska U.
Wychowanie w Rodzinie
|
2015
|
vol. XI
|
issue (1/2015)
27-41
EN
The concept of the family (social) bond has not been explained and precisely defined so far. The most common definition is known as a dual character of human relationships. Cultural, economic, legal, religious and social factors in which a family lives, influence considerably the typical family bonds. Transformations of the bond in the 21st century family are caused by changes which have occurred and continuue to occur in the structure, functions and organization of the family live. A system of mutually connected elements of the upbringing process in the family, between which all kinds of dynamic associations and interactions are clearly visible. So we should pay our attention to transformations of the family bond in incessantly changing conditions. It is necessary especially in social, economic and cultural areas, where the role of the traditional family is becoming less important.
PL
Pojęcie więzi rodzinnej – społecznej, nie doczekało się (jak dotąd) jednoznacznego i precyzyjnego zdefiniowania. Za najbardziej właściwe uznaje się dwupłaszczyznowe ujmowanie więzi, odzwierciedlające dwoisty charakter więzi międzyludzkich. Uwarunkowania społeczne, kulturowe, gospodarcze, prawne, religijne i obyczajowe, w których żyje rodzina, wpływają znacząco na właściwe jej więzi rodzinne. Przeobrażenia więzi w rodzinie XXI wieku spowodowane są przez zmiany, jakie zaszły i nieustannie zachodzą w strukturze, funkcjach i organizacji życia rodzinnego. Wskazuje na to system wzajemnie powiązanych ze sobą elementów procesu wychowania w rodzinie, pomiędzy którymi zachodzą różne, dynamiczne związki i interakcje. Wobec powyższego, potrzebne i konieczne jest zwrócenie uwagi na przeobrażenia więzi rodzinnej w nieustannie zmieniających się warunkach społeczno-ekonomicznych i kulturowych, w których maleje rola tradycyjnej rodziny.
7
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The Sociologist from Marienbad: Werner Stark between Catholicism and Social Science

63%
Das R. R., Strasser H.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2015
|
vol. 51
|
issue 3
417-445
EN
This paper examines the life and career of the prominent sociologist Werner Stark (1909–1985), born and raised in Marienbad, Bohemia, and after 1918 in the multi-ethnic state of Czechoslovakia. As a prolific and wide-ranging scholar whose many works failed to find an enduring place in American sociology, Stark is a prime example of academic marginalisation. The authors analyse Stark’s major contributions from the standpoint of the sociology of knowledge. They argue that his ideas regarding human nature, the need for social discipline, and the desirability of community were rooted in a pervasive biographical marginality that found resolution in his conversion to Catholicism. In turn, these ideas reinforced the marginality from which they emerged. The reception of Stark’s work in the United States was governed by a perceived incompatibility of his outlook with the assumptions and goals of his American audience. In particular, Stark offered an explicitly value-directed sociology, one which asserted the importance of social order, individual discipline, and universal community, at a time (the 1960s and 1970s) when the field sought to maintain its credibility as an objective scientific discipline in the face of growing challenges from sociologists and non-sociologists alike. Stark’s American colleagues focused on aspects of his work that were incompatible with their own cultural and disciplinary orientations and this obscured the full range of his achievements, especially his analyses which anticipated contemporary sociological work.
8
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Sociology of Housing in Poland - Genesis, Development and Future Prospects

51%
Cesarski M.
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
|
2015
|
vol. 6
|
issue 11
131-139
EN
The sociology of housing is understood by the author of the paper as a science concerning the social dynamics relevant in housing, living and inhabited space context. The goal of the paper is to remind the role of Polish sociology of housing in process of showing the importance of the land use planning and combining the qualities of social and physical space in development of the inhabited space. The article also concerns the genesis and the achievements of sociology of housing in Poland as well as the history and the conditions of housing policy in Poland and in Western Europe. The article also contains proposals of future reorientation of the sociology of housing in the global dimension. The future development of settlement infrastructure, which forms the fundaments of settlement policy, may become a substantial platform for authentic and genuine sustainable development. The settlement infrastructure concept has a potential for balancing the development of the living space, which is determined by the inhabited space, and thus for genuine sustainable development. The aim is to notice the crucial role of the housing policy in modeling the development of the inhabited space. To achieve this the future objectives of sociology of housing in terms of monitoring and diagnosing the social space and physical relations are highlighted. The future sociology of housing should encompass the sociology of settlement - town's and village's sociology as well as rural areas sociology, thus transgressing the boundaries of inhabited space in general and urbanization space in particular. It should evolve into sociology of entire living space.
9
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Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto – the imperative of the principle of humanitas in views on slavery derived from natural law. M.T. Cicero’s views on the subject of slavery and slaves

45%
Nowak O. S.
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
|
2020
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
155-186
EN
The phenomenon of slavery existed throughout the entire period of the ancient world and met with interest from both Greek and Roman philosophers. Despite the emerging views of various philosophers criticizing slavery as a social phenomenon, no theory of slavery was formulated then. The philosopher who-, in both his works and correspondence, included numerous references to the situation of slaves and the institution of slavery was M.T. Cicero. Searching for humanism in Cicero’s views on the above-mentioned issue, attention was drawn to the principles of the Stoic doctrine, within which the concept of human freedom was formulated, and to the essence of natural law. These concepts made it possible to analyse the discussed problem in the context of the words of Terence Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto. And as regards humanism in Cicero’s views, it is evident when he recognizes a human being in a slave; when he says that the principles of justice must be observed towards people from the lowest rank, which is the rank of slaves; when he firmly states that slavery is among the worst things that can happen to the human being. On the other hand, we see Cicero’s completely different views on slaves when he talks about punishing slaves, „keeping a tight rein on them,” or „destiny by nature for the best to rule others, and with great benefit for weaker beings”; also when he emphasizes his negative attitude towards the liberation of slaves. To conclude it should be emphasised that this characteristic feature of Cicero, namely his lack of uniformity of views on various philosophical doctrines, which we can also find in his views on slavery and the rank of slaves, does not prevent us from seeing a humanist in Cicero who, with his sense of justice, advocating the stoic doctrine and the principles of natural law, moved very slowly towards the stoic moral philosophy and all the ethical principles that Christianity would bring.
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