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EN
The article brings about an analysis of major conceptualizations of processes leading to the emergence and development of social complexity and inequality, which have been formulated within major paradigms of contemporary archaeology. The most significant contribution to these issues was offered by archaeologies inspired by functionalism and neoevolutionism. These attempts corresponded with an attempt to turn archaeology into a nomothetic discipline. Of different character were works inspired by Marxism, Neomarxism, and poststructuralism. They offered a valuable contribution to the conceptualization of the means of achieving social goals and performing social roles by different actors.
PL
Złożoność społeczna jest jednym z najważniejszych problemów, z jakimi mierzy się dziś socjologia. Tekst rozpoczyna się od krótkiego spojrzenia na źródła naszego dzisiejszego myślenia o złożoności, które prowadzi do diagnozy dwóch podejść do złożoności w socjologii, określonych jako jej redukcja i eskalacja. Następnie krótko zarysowana zostaje analogia między tymi podejściami a dwoma rodzajami wiedzy praktycznej wytwarzanej w odpowiedzi na problem złożoności, czyli utopiami jedności i różnicy. Tekst kończy się próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy zaangażowanie w myśleniu o złożoności nie stanowi przeszkody w jego właściwej diagnozie.
EN
Social complexity is one of the main problems which sociology is facing nowadays. The article begins with a short overview of sources of contemporary ideas of complexity, which leads towards a diagnosis of two sociological approaches to complexity, which are called “reduction” and “escalation” of complexity. Next, a short analogy is drawn between the two approaches and two kinds of practical knowledge produced as an answer to the problem of complexity, which are utopias of unity and utopias of difference. The text concludes with an attempt to answer the question whether the engagement (involvement) in our thinking about complexity is not a handicap in our efforts adequately to diagnose the problem.
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