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The interrelationship between scriptal and linguistic variation in notary signatures of Greek contracts from late antique Egypt

100%
Apostolakou A.
The Journal of Juristic Papyrology
|
2020
|
issue 50
1-47
EN
This study investigates linguistic and scriptal variation in notary signatures found in late antique contracts from Egypt, seeking to identify and interpret the potential relationship between choices in language and script. To answer this, theoretical concepts and methods from sociolinguistics, social semiotics, and multilingual studies are used, with the objective of adding a new, more linguistically-oriented perspective to existing research on notarial signatures. On the one hand, this research demonstrates how the Latin script seems to restrict notaries, resulting in transliterated Greek signatures with very homogeneous content. The familiarity of notaries with the Greek language and writing is, on the other hand, reflected in signatures written in the Greek alphabet, which are much more diverse and at times adjusted to the circumstances under which specific documents were composed. Even if notaries seem to lack confidence in freely producing text in the Latin script, they choose to do so due to its functional values, which are conveyed and perceived visually. Latin letters create an association between signatories and Roman law, adding to the trustworthiness and prestige of the signatures. Differentiating between script and language allows us to understand how the Latin script maintained the connotations that formerly accompanied the Latin language, gradually replacing it in the form of transliterated passages, at a time when the language was disappearing from papyrological documentation. In this sense, sociolinguistics, and especially social semiotics, prove useful when dealing with visual aspects of language in papyri, as they prevent their functions and meanings from being overlooked.
2

Construction of Private Space in An Urban Semioscape: A Case Study in the Sociolinguistics of Globalisation

86%
Ferenčík M.
Human Affairs
|
2015
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vol. 25
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issue 4
365-379
EN
Across the world urban semioscapes emerge from multiple and mutually interlocking social activities of the members of sociocultural groups and are established through the deployment of layered configurations of semiotic resources and discourses which index patterns of these activities as well as the underlying norms and values of these groups. A particularly conspicuous semiotic practice which has established itself as a distinct semiotic layer in Slovakia’s urban semioscape is one through which social agents declare certain segments of space as private. By erecting ‘private property’ signs they impose a certain ‘power regime’ on a physical territory but also imprint upon that space a particular ideological meaning. This practice is particularly salient in Slovakia’s geopolitical environment in which the notion of ‘privateness’ was excluded from official ideology under socialism. As language is a principal semiotic mode for the construction of the practice of constructing private space, the practice can also be looked upon as a sociolinguistic phenomenon indexing the post-1989 political and economic transformation processes in Slovakia; that is, the re-establishment of ‘private ownership’ within the larger processes of ‘rectification’ which post-socialist societies underwent in the transformation period. My argument is that the practice is a manifestation of geocultural globalisation on a local scale-level which leads to the emergence of new forms of locality. In the paper I employ Blommaert’s (2010) innovative conceptual toolbox of the sociolinguistics of globalisation’ along with the analytical practices and procedures of geosemiotics and linguistic landscape, and apply them to the corpus of signs which I believe index this practice and establish the topography of private space’ in the urban semioscape examined.
3
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RETHINKING GENDER, RETHINKING MIGRATION: Images of women in the semiotic landscape of the Baltic states

72%
Pošeiko S.
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
|
2016
|
vol. 17(3)
111-128
EN
In researching the linguistic landscape (LL) of nine cities in the Baltic states, this articlewill show that female discourse is significant within public areas and spaces. This has beenlinguistically proven by female personal names in ergonyms, as well as by female ergonymsand themes within graffiti texts. However, there are multi-modal advertisementswhich display female products publicly, which can be viewed from the perspective of thesemiotic landscape. A total of 294 photos showing women were selected from the LL databasein order to describe visual images of women, by focusing on the archetypes andconcepts of a woman’s role in society.The research showed that any target audience is linguistically identified more oftenthan not by age, which social and ethnic group one belongs to, while images emphasizethe target audience more commonly by sex, that is, by female gender, for example, imagesof women or female body parts and of women’s products (e.g. women’s clothing ona mannequin).Selected materials are generally characterized by absolutization of the perfect appearance,one which includes the maintaining of certain stereotypes, that a woman is both beautifuland slender, that she is physically fit, replete with perfect makeup, someone who belongsto the cult of youth, who reflects how popular and successful women should appear. This isthe standard example, one that exemplifies the need for solitude, narcissism and emotionalconcealment, all wrapped up within the glorification of an advertisement for perfume.According to the data, typical female activities tend to be the receiving of beauty treatments,various forms of relaxation such as traveling, dancing, visiting the tanning salon orsunbathing, and most significantly of all, shopping. These images mainly emphasize service-sector occupations: waitresses, bank employees, flight attendants, masseuses, cabaretdancers or exotic dancers. In regard to the roles of wife and mother, they are viewed associal roles, which are represented as being inseparable from each other. The female lover(flirtatious temptress) and female friend, are two of the most common archetypical imagesreflected in the semiotic landscape of the Baltic states.In conclusion, the visual representation of women in the Baltic states is related to theperception of life as pleasure, emphasizing the significance of sensuality and entertainment.
4
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PŁEĆ KULTUROWA W PRAKTYKACH MIGRACYJNYCH: Images of women in the semiotic landscape of the Baltic states

72%
Pošeiko S.
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
|
2016
|
vol. 17(3)
111-128
PL
In researching the linguistic landscape (LL) of nine cities in the Baltic states, this articlewill show that female discourse is significant within public areas and spaces. This has beenlinguistically proven by female personal names in ergonyms, as well as by female ergonymsand themes within graffiti texts. However, there are multi-modal advertisementswhich display female products publicly, which can be viewed from the perspective of thesemiotic landscape. A total of 294 photos showing women were selected from the LL databasein order to describe visual images of women, by focusing on the archetypes andconcepts of a woman’s role in society.The research showed that any target audience is linguistically identified more oftenthan not by age, which social and ethnic group one belongs to, while images emphasizethe target audience more commonly by sex, that is, by female gender, for example, imagesof women or female body parts and of women’s products (e.g. women’s clothing ona mannequin).Selected materials are generally characterized by absolutization of the perfect appearance,one which includes the maintaining of certain stereotypes, that a woman is both beautifuland slender, that she is physically fit, replete with perfect makeup, someone who belongsto the cult of youth, who reflects how popular and successful women should appear. This isthe standard example, one that exemplifies the need for solitude, narcissism and emotionalconcealment, all wrapped up within the glorification of an advertisement for perfume.According to the data, typical female activities tend to be the receiving of beauty treatments,various forms of relaxation such as traveling, dancing, visiting the tanning salon orsunbathing, and most significantly of all, shopping. These images mainly emphasize service-sector occupations: waitresses, bank employees, flight attendants, masseuses, cabaretdancers or exotic dancers. In regard to the roles of wife and mother, they are viewed associal roles, which are represented as being inseparable from each other. The female lover(flirtatious temptress) and female friend, are two of the most common archetypical imagesreflected in the semiotic landscape of the Baltic states.In conclusion, the visual representation of women in the Baltic states is related to theperception of life as pleasure, emphasizing the significance of sensuality and entertainment.
5
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Transkreacja w przekładzie melicznym. Piosenki Charles’a Aznavoura w twórczych tłumaczeniach Wojciecha Młynarskiego

58%
Mastela O.
Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium
|
2021
|
vol. 6
|
issue 1
183-202
EN
The paper is devoted to the phenomenon of transcreations (creative re-writings) of selected French songs, made by the famous Polish songwriter Wojciech Młynarski (1941–2017). The artist seems to have been a true master of transcreation, if we understand the concept in the way suggested in the 1960s by a Brazilian scholar and translator, Haroldo de Campos (1929–2003). In the present paper, on the example of contrastive analysis of selected lyrics in their original versions (performed by Charles Aznavour) and in Młynarski’s renderings, it is shown how on the basis of original French lyrics and music, the Polish songwriter created new texts often abounding in entirely different cultural allusions. Saving the melic dominant, Młynarski at the same time modified the content semantically in order to adapt the songs to the target audience, which proves that he was aware also of the importance of the translations’ marketability – a feature that is taken into account in the contemporary understanding of transcreation services.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje analizę twórczych tłumaczeń melicznych pióra Wojciecha Młynarskiego przeprowadzoną w celu ukazania transkreacyjnego podejścia tego autora do przekładu wybranych piosenek francuskich wykonywanych oryginalnie przez Charles’a Aznavoura. Młynarski okazuje się być prawdziwym mistrzem transkreacji w rozumieniu tego pojęcia, jakie zaproponowane zostało w latach 60. XX wieku przez brazylijskiego uczonego i tłumacza, Haroldo de Camposa (1929–2003). W niniejszym artykule na przykładzie analizy kontrastywnej wybranych tekstów piosenek w ich wersjach oryginalnych i przekładach pióra Młynarskiego podjęto próbę pokazania, w jaki sposób na kanwie francuskich tekstów oraz muzyki polski poeta i szansonista stworzył nowe teksty często obfitujące w zupełnie inne aluzje kulturowe niż te obecne w wersjach oryginalnych. Zachowując dominantę meliczną piosenek, Młynarski modyfikował warstwę semantyczną w celu dostosowania utworów do odbiorców docelowych, co dowodzi, że był świadomy również wartości marketingowej swych tłumaczeń, a więc cechy branej pod uwagę także w dzisiejszym rozumieniu usługi transkreacyjnej jako celowej adaptacji, uwzględniającej realia społeczno-kulturowe oraz sferę emocjonalną docelowych odbiorców, a także specyfikę rynku docelowego.
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