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EN
The present paper aims to stress the role that young people play as ‘actual citizens’, actively engaged in constructing the meaning-and-actions that define their own participation in the community. The case examined is the Chiampo Valley, in the North-East of Italy. This area is the most important tannery district in Europe and has serious problems concerning industrial waste management. By means of a questionnaire, we focus on the way 229 secondary school students perceive themselves as members of the local community, on what they see as being priorities in their own context, and on the contributions that they may make to addressing environmental issues. The results suggest that it is important for local institutions to give a voice to young people-as they themselves require-by developing participatory processes in institutional decision-making regarding environmental policies and-in general-the life of the community.
EN
Macroeconomic processes with long-term implementation perspectives only take into partial consideration the obstacles, short-term consequences and weaknesses which they can inflict on the functioning of a particular individual, family or community. It is becoming more and more important to enlarge the set of tools measuring social well-being, apart from the standard measurement of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). What becomes far more significant is measuring the welfare of citizens and their life satisfaction because these factors reflect the value of the city as an ‘attractive place to live.’ Research into quality of life in the cities brings local authorities knowledge about the needs, preferences and choices made by the members of the city community and their opinion of city infrastructure and its accessibility. For those who are responsible for further city development, these data should become the background for all development strategies and they should spur new economic, social and cultural growth.
PL
Procesy makroekonomiczne, mające wieloletnią perspektywę realizacyjną, w małym stopniu uwzględniają bariery i doraźne konsekwencje i dolegliwości, jakie mogą nieść one dla funkcjonowania konkretnej jednostki, rodziny i społeczności. Wagi nabiera zatem poszerzanie narzędzi pomiaru dobrostanu społecznego poza standardowy miernik, jakim jest Produkt Krajowy Brutto (PKB) – znaczenia nabrały kwestie pomiaru dobrostanu obywateli i satysfakcji z życia jako czynnika odzwierciedlającego walory miasta jako ‘atrakcyjnego miejsca do życia’. Badania jakości życia w miastach dostarczają władzom publicznym informacji o potrzebach, preferencjach i wyborach dokonywanych przez mieszkańców społeczności miejskiej oraz o ocenach dostępności i funkcjonowania infrastruktury miejskiej. Dla zarządzających rozwojem miasta dane te stanowić powinny przesłankę weryfikacji strategii rozwojowych oraz generowania nowych impulsów wzrostu gospodarczego, społecznego i kulturowego.
EN
The study reviews the first decade of the positive psychology, which defines itself the psychology of the new millennium. The study emphasizes the topics this new approach focuses on. It analyses the aspects of the structure of well-being, the research on positive emotions, and the models of healthy functioning from the thematic richness of the approaches. The study delineates the empirical research checking the validity of the constructs of subjective well-being, psychological well-being, and social well-being. The authors emphasize that positive psychology has become an approach, which oriented strongly health psychology, and a factor, which influenced the change concerning the aim and tasks of psychology in the public thinking in the first decade of its career.
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EN
The article notes that an essential component of professional risk management is to identify the nature of the object in the field of management of the economy. Since the domestic theory of risk management is under development, the problem of clear comprehensive definition of the concept of "risk" gets at the moment of particular relevance. The article discusses, along with economic forecasts of risks and the human factor in decision making. Are important indicators of the status and position of a person in society, and its social well-being. The analysis of risk assessment methods, it is concluded on the need development of new models and methods of risk management, taking into account the human factor.
EN
Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie dorobku Ludwiga Erharda w zakresie polityki gospodarczej i jego wizji dobrobytu społecznego. Bezpośrednio po II wojnie światowej Erhard był głównym autorem polityki gospodarczej Niemiec. Oparta na zasadach ordoliberalizmu społeczna gospodarka rynkowa stała się wówczas źródłem sukcesu gospodarczego.Na mocy Konstytucji również w Polsce społeczna gospodarka rynkowa jest podstawą ustroju gospodarczego. Okazuje się jednak, że podejmowane działania znacznie odbiegają od pierwotnej koncepcji Erharda, a niekiedy wręcz zbliżone są do modelu socjalistycznego porządku gospodarczego. Rośnie ingerencja państwa w procesy rynkowe, coraz częściej podejmowane są decyzje ad hoc, obliczone bardziej na poprawę bieżącej sytuacji niż zapewnienie trwałego dobrobytu.
PL
The purpose of the article is to present the achievements of Ludwig Erhard in the field of economic policy and his vision of social well-being. Immediately after World War II, Erhard was the main author of Germany’s economic policy. Based on the principles of ordoliberalism, the social market economy became the source of economic success. Under the Constitution, also in Poland the social market economy forms the basis of the economic system. However, it turns out that the actions taken differ significantly from Erhard’s original concept, and sometimes even close to the model of the socialist economic order. The state’s interference in market processes is growing, ad hoc decisions are more and more often made, calculated more to improve the current situation than to ensure lasting prosperity.
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