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Neformální péče v rodině: sociodemografické charakteristiky pečujících osob

100%
Klímová Chaloupková J.
Data a výzkum - SDA Info (Data and Research - SDA Info)
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2013
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vol. 7
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issue 2
107-123
EN
Based on ISSP 2012 Family and Health, this paper focuses on informal caregiving for elderly, sick or disabled family members in the Czech Republic. Specifically, it investigates the socio-demographic characteristics of family caregivers. The findings show that the carers are more likely to be female of a productive age; and thus they often have to combine childcare, care for other family member and employment. Findings from this study also demonstrate that in case of women partnership status also influences care involvement. However, socioeconomic status measured by education does not have an effect on the provision of informal care because the institutional context in which private formal care is not widespread.
2
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Craft beer revolution: formation of a new segment in Slovakia

88%
Savov R., Szarková X.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2022
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vol. 17
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issue 1
225-246
EN
Research background: Globalization has significantly affected the brewing sector worldwide during the last three decades. The industry consolidation and many acquisitions led to a reduced number of breweries and consequently to the homogenization of beer. It was an important factor affecting the significant decline in beer consumption in the world. However, over the years, this negative phenomenon also brought a new wave ? the development of craft breweries, and resulted in the formation of a new segment with specific preferences in the market. Purpose of the article: As a result of the craft beer revolution in the world and the wider offer on the beer market, customer preferences changed, and a new segment was subsequently formatted. In the past, lagers were the preferred choice, but due to the new wider range of beers offered in the market, they are about to lean towards other types of beer. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify a new segment of craft beer consumers based on characteristics such as age, gender, education, income, residence, marital status, work, and leisure activities. Methods: For data collection, a questionnaire was used as a tool and, therefore, we analyzed the answers of 685 respondents from Slovakia. The questionnaire is evaluated through dependency analysis using nonparametric methods (Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney Test) to identify the differences between groups of customers and to describe the characteristics of a typical consumer of craft beer. Findings & value added: The craft beer revolution in the world brought a formation of a new segment, which considers the taste and quality more compared to price. Our research has confirmed that this segment consists of highly educated men (26?40 years old), with above average income. However, it is important for beer producers to know this segment more to meet its requirements. Nevertheless, deeper studies of this segment were missing. Therefore, our research was focused on other parameters of the segment and according to our findings, these consumers are from bigger cities, working more mentally, and doing sports in leisure time.
3
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Zmiany aktywności zawodowej ludności wiejskiej w Polsce w latach 2010–2016

63%
Dudek M.
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
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2019
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issue 1(75)
81-98
PL
W artykule analizowano zmiany w skali aktywności zawodowej ludności wiejskiej i wskazano na ich wybrane uwarunkowania. Jako przyczyny zróżnicowania poziomu zatrudnienia rozważano społeczno-demograficzne charakterystyki zasobów pracy, a także przestrzenne odmienności w cechach regionów wiejskich w Polsce. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynikało, że w latach 2010–2016 aktywność zawodowa ludności wiejskiej, mierzona wskaźnikiem zatrudnienia, wzrosła z 50 do 53%, co było przede wszystkim wynikiem oddziaływania determinant cyklicznych, wyrażających się w przewadze przyrostu liczby osób pracujących nad liczbą biernych zawodowo przy spadku skali bezrobocia. Przeprowadzone badania udokumentowały zbliżoną wartość wskaźnika zatrudnienia dla obszarów miejskich i wiejskich, przy czym różnice w jego poziomie w obrębie wybranych kategorii ludności uwidaczniały się relatywnie nieco wyraźniej w przypadku mieszkańców miast. Świadczyło to o tendencji do przestrzennego upodabniania się rynków pracy, jak również o osłabianiu przydatności prostego podziału na tereny miejskie i wiejskie w wyjaśnianiu odmienności struktur społeczno-zawodowych. Poziom regionalnych zróżnicowań aktywności zawodowej ludności wiejskiej w województwach w Polsce był umiarkowany i powiązany z ich charakterystykami gospodarczymi. Odzwierciedlały one rolę dużych miast i ich obszarów funkcjonalnych w alokacji wiejskiej podaży pracy, jak również stan zaawansowania dywersyfikacji gospodarczej wsi zlokalizowanych w poszczególnych regionach. W części dyskusyjnej artykułu wskazano instytucjonalne możliwości i bariery zwiększenia aktywności zawodowej mieszkańców wsi. Przedstawione wnioski oparto na danych zgromadzonych przez GUS (głównie BAEL, BDL) i rozpatrywanych z wykorzystaniem metod analizy statystyczno-porównawczej oraz analizy literatury przedmiotu.
EN
The paper analyses the changes in the scale of the rural economic activity and identifies their selected determinants. The socio-demographic characteristics of the labour resources and the economic differences between rural regions in Poland were analysed as reasons for the dissimilar levels of rural employment. Analyses have demonstrated that, in 2010–2016, rural economic activity measured by the employment rate increased from 50% to 53%, primarily as a result of the impact of cyclical determinants, reflected in the increase in the number of the employed being higher than the number of inactive persons, with a reduced scale of unemployment overall. The studies indicated similar values of the employment rate for urban and rural areas, while the differences in its level within the selected social categories were much more visible for rural populations. This reflected a persistence of territorial disparities in labour markets as well as a trend towards their convergence. The level of territorial differences in the rural employment in Poland was moderate and should be linked with regional economic characteristics. In this context, the allocation of rural labour supply could be attributed to the impact of cities and their functional areas and to the progress in economic diversification of villages located in a particular region. The discussion section of the paper outlines the institutional opportunities and barriers increasing rural economic activity. The presented conclusions were based on the Central Statistical Office data (mainly the Labour Force Survey and the Local Data Bank) and statistical and comparative analysis methods.
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