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ҐЕНЕЗА КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ У США

100%

Литовченко І.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

2016

issue 4(58)

42-48

The article analyzes the features of the corporate university as a form of organization of corporate education in the United States which arose against the background of the rapid econo¬mic development and advances in science and technology at the beginning of the last century. The corporate university emerged as a mechanism for solving current problems and needs of the strategic development of the organization. It has been revealed that the main socio-economic preconditions for the formation of this educational phenomenon were: the transition from the industrial society, which required skilled workers to the information economy based on knowledge; convergence of learning and manufacture; change in priorities of workers, who valued training opportunities in the organization more than security of their employment; inadequacy of vocational training in the traditional education institutions to practical job requirements; economic benefits for businesses from training their employees in organizations; the need to provide the continuous training to workers in the information society and ensure their competitiveness in the global economy; the importance for companies to meet the expectations of customers; the demographic factor. Among the first corporate universities which emerged in the USА were: the General Electric Corporate School, the General Motors Institute of Engineering and Management, Disney University, Hamburger University, Motorola University. It was found out that the first corporate universities were characterized by strict structural subordination to the parent organization and the lack of partnership with external educational institutions. However, despite their certain limitations, the first corporate universities became a significant achievement and a step forward in the development of human capital. Therefore their parent companies can be considered the first examples of learning organizations, which have made a decisive contribution into the convergence of education and manufacture and identified the ways of further development of corporate education in the country.

Geneza konstytucji

100%

Małajny R.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio G (Ius)

2019

vol. 66

issue 1

The author starts his paper with some introductory remarks. He advances the thesis that the first constitutions have been passed by the end of the 18th century, however, their originals could be found 150 years before. In addition, he presents the socio-economic background of the genesis of a constitution and demonstrates that a constitution was to petrify social progress won by the bourgeois revolution. There is also discussed the ideological background of the mentioned genesis, i.e. such mental currents as rationalism and liberalism as well as the idea of natural rights, popular sovereignty, social contract, distribution of power and legal positivism. Briefly mentioned is the influence of the codification movements of judicial law upon the constitutional processes of the age of Enlightenment, as well as the specification of five “waves” of passing constitutions in Europe.

Artykuł rozpoczynają uwagi wstępne. Autor m.in. wskazuje, że pierwsze konstytucje zaczęto uchwalać pod koniec XVIII w., niemniej ich pierwowzory pojawiły się półtora stulecia wcześniej. Ponadto przedstawia tło społeczno-ekonomiczne genezy konstytucji oraz rozwija tezę, że konstytucja miała petryfikować osiągnięty w wyniku rewolucji burżuazyjnej postęp społeczny. Omówiono też tło ideologiczne, a konkretnie takie prądy ideowe, jak racjonalizm i liberalizm, a także ideę praw naturalnych, suwerenność ludu, umowę społeczną, podział władzy i pozytywizm prawniczy. Krótko wspomniano o wpływie ruchów kodyfikacyjnych prawa sądowego na procesy konstytucyjne okresu Oświecenia, a także wskazano pięć „fal” uchwalania ustaw zasadniczych na kontynencie europejskim.

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1 Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio G (Ius)

1 Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

1 Małajny R.

1 Литовченко І.

1 2019

1 2016

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ҐЕНЕЗА КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ У США

Geneza konstytucji