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EN
This paper aims to present and discuss the already existing studies and try to uncover possible potential for further research on the topic of financial resources in public–private partnership (PPP) projects. The article presents the main relevant papers regarding financial resources and examines how deep the topic of financial sources has been explored in both academic and practical literature. Moreover, the article reviews Poland’s PPP market and, particularly, types of used financial sources. The ‘Literature review’ results show that there is a gap in studying the private sector and financial resources, especially in Polish PPPs. We attempt to close this gap by summarising the main factors that influence the choice of the source of financing PPPs. The Polish case shows that the main source of financing of PPP projects in Poland is bank loans and many projects have partial funding from various European Union (EU) programmes. Policymakers should pay attention to other financial resources in PPPs. Moreover, it would be fruitful to extend the Polish database of PPP projects with new factors that can simplify ex-post and ex-ante analysis.
EN
Trade credit is a commonly used short-term source of business financing. The use of trade credit in the course of business is determined by a number of factors. In particular, it is noted that trade credit is a spontaneous, easily available and flexible source of funding. The aim of the paper is to examine the use of trade credit as a source of finance of enterprises in Poland. The research was conducted on the basis of data from the Polish Central Statistical Office. The research period covers the years 2009-2014. The research confirmed the significance of trade liabilities in the structure of short-term liabilities, regardless of the size of the enterprise. The data analysis indicates that the importance of trade liabilities varies depending on the sector in which the business operates.
PL
Kredyt handlowy jest powszechnie stosowanym krótkoterminowym źródłem finansowania działalności przedsiębiorstw. Jego wykorzystanie w toku działalności determinowane jest wieloma czynnikami. W szczególności, podkreśla się, że kredyt handlowy jest spontanicznym, łatwo dostępnym i elastycznym źródłem finansowania. Celem artykułu jest analiza wykorzystania kredytu handlowego jako źródła finansowania przez przedsiębiorstwa w Polsce. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Okres analizy obejmuje lata 2009-2014. W wyniku badań potwierdzono istotność zobowiązań handlowych w strukturze zobowiązań krótkoterminowych, niezależnie od wielkości przedsiębiorstwa. Analiza danych wskazuje na zróżnicowane znaczenie zobowiązań handlowych w zależności od sekcji, w której działa przedsiębiorstwo.
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