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Ocena stabilności ekspresywnej leksemu słodziak

100%
Karpińska P.
Orbis Linguarum
|
2018
|
issue 51
129-146
EN
The analysis of the expressive stability of lexeme ‘słodziak’ in Polish The aim of this article is to analyse the lexical changes – expressive stability, to be more specific – in the Polish lexeme ‘słodziak’. The expressive stability of the lexeme was analysed with the application of the value theory by Jadwiga Puzynina, basic human emotions by Anna Wierzbicka, Likert scale, and stylistic marking. Furthermore, the following websites served as sources for the analysis: Polish Wordnet, Language Observatory of the University of Warsaw, Internet dictionary of slang miejski.pl, dictionary glosbe.pl built on the basis of the English-Polish translations, language corpus monco.frazeo.pl, National Corpus of Polish, as well as numerous entries on blogs and forums. The analysis allowed to establish the following meanings of the lexeme ‘słodziak’: (1) lovely person, (2) cute animal, (3) cute item, (4) sweet food and drinks, (5) sweet scent, and (6) unattractive man. Furthermore, the analysis of sources shows that the lexeme is present mostly on gossip and news websites. This emphasises the colloquial nature of the lexeme but allows another tentative conclusion: since most of the gossips, news, and interviews are translated from English, one may suspect significant productivity of the investigated lexeme in the English to Polish translations. The claim is further supported by the presence of the lexeme in English-Polish dictionaries, in which ‘słodziak’ is a suggested equivalent for such English words and phrases as sweetie, cutie, cutie-pie, peach, cutie-patootie. All in all, the analysis shows that the lexeme is relatively stable.
2
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Badanie stabilności ekspresywnej leksemu zacny

100%
Kaczmarz E.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 51
121-127
EN
Expressive stability analysis of zacny lexeme The aim of this paper is expressive stability analysing of zacny adjective from the chronologic perspective. Analysis was made based of Artur Rejter’s classification, Robert Plutchik’s basic emotions theory and Jadwiga Puzynina’s values. Research also include expressive style.
3
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Znaczenie i ocena stabilności ekspresywnej leksemu sztos

100%
Kluczna P.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 51
147-158
EN
The meaning and evaluation of expressive stability of the lexeme sztos The following article is an analisys of the lexeme sztos. The aim is to determine what does this word mean and how does this meaning evolve in recent years. The paper offers a brief insight into the problem connected with classifying from sztos to words with positive or negative connotation. The basis for my analysis constitutes of dictionaries and many of text corpora. The study shows that the meaning of the lexeme sztos depends first of all on the context and it lets us to conclude that the meaning can extend from year to year.
4
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Ocena stabilności ekspresywnej leksemu trawelebryta

84%
Hwaszcz K.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
|
issue 51
53-66
EN
An appraisal of the expressive stability of the word „trawelebryta” The aim of this paper is to define the meanings as well as to establish the contexts in which one can find the relatively new lexeme trawelebryta ‘travelebrity’ in the Polish language. Its novelty manifests itself in the lack of the spelling unification, which additionally implies that the word is not well-ingrained in the language yet. On the other hand, the lexeme serves as a word-formation base for other lexemes, which in turn indicates that the word is already a part of the mental lexicon of native speakers of Polish. Although it was determined that the lexeme is relatively stable, we found five distinctive meanings, which are still undergoing certain semantic and formal modifications. The evolution of its meaning shows a tendency to shift towards negative connotations, from neutral to colloquial, and, in extreme cases, even to the offensive ones. It was evidenced by sets of synonyms and contexts to which the lexeme was assigned. The paper ultimately shows that the adaptation process of the lexeme in the Polish language is not over yet.
5
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Ocena stabilności ekspresywnej leksemu gówniak

84%
Kucfir A.
Orbis Linguarum
|
2018
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issue 51
159-170
EN
The analysis of the expressive stability of lexeme ‘gówniak’ in Polish The aim of this article is to analyse the expressive stability of the Polish lexeme ‘gówniak’. Although the said lexeme is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon – as it appeared for the first time in the Polish web in 2014 – it is becoming more and more popular among a specific type of internet users and its meaning has started to expand. The expressive stability of the lexeme was analysed on the basis of the basic human emotions by Anna Wierzbicka, value theory by Jadwiga Puzynina, Likert scale, and stylistic marking. Since the lexeme doesn’t appear in any paper dictionaries, the following websites served as sources for the analysis: language corpus monco.frazeo.pl, Polish Wordnet, Internet dictionary of slang miejski.pl, and above all numerous entries on blogs and forums, memes and entertainment websites such as wykop.pl and joemonster.org. The analysis allowed to establish four main meanings of the lexeme ‘gówniak’: (1) a definition of (someone else’s) child popular among users of entertainment websites, (2) an annoying, naughty child, (3) a child of ‘Seba’ and ‘Karyna’, (4) a humorous definition of (your own) child. Moreover, the analysis of the sources shows that the emotional marking of the lexeme is constantly changing: from purely negative (resulting from its morphological structure) to more neutral or even positive one.
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Stabilność ekspresywna leksemu janusz i jego jednostki derywowane

67%
Kaczerzewska J.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 51
85-119
EN
The expressive stability of the polish colloquial lexeme janusz and its derived formes The goal of the paper is to evaluate the expressive stability of lexeme janusz in modern colloquial polish language. This main theme is enriched by some background: history of the lexeme Janusz, polish cultural factors and analysis of numerous derivates of the lexeme janusz and phrases containing this lexeme. The evaluation of the expressive stability of lexeme consist in extracting out of similar dictionary definitions the characteristics elements which allow to find which elements are really similar. As a last step comparision of these elements based on: categories of values established by polish liguist Jadwiga Puzynina, degrees of emotional load and type of emotion contained in words in accordance with Robert Plutchik’s pschoevolutionary theory of emotions.
7
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Ocena stabilności ekspresywnej leksemu kibol

59%
Janik M.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 51
67-84
EN
Kibol – evaluation of expressive stability of word Kibol, this word is very often use by journalists, when describe negative behaviour of criminalists them. Football fans don’t agree with use this definition. They mean that typification is unjust. Who’s right? This article is trying evaluation of expressive stability of word kibol. Based on the definitions available in many different sources (dictionaries, websites, forums, etc.) article will be try analyze three contexts in which the word will be distinguish. Before this happens, will be focus on the genesis of the term and the attempt to find it, its original meaning. It is also worth to put a basic research question: how has the perception of the analyzed word changed in recent years?
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