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Kanopy v době Staré říše

100%
Jirásková L.
Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)
|
2014
|
issue 13
49-55
EN
Canopic jars represent one of the sources of evidence of the early stages of the mummification process. However, most of the jars have been found empty without any traces of the original contents. Only several instances of wrapped packages have been discovered either inside the jars or within the heap of their fragments. As they appeared only in the Memphite area tombs, it seems that the presence of canopic jars in the private tombs represented merely an imitation of a piece of royal burial equipment, for most of the Old Kingdom bodies bear no traces of evisceration. The shape of the canopic jars is inspired by the tall shouldered jars commonly used until the beginning of the Old Kingdom, and in limited examples even later. The original shape underwent slight changes in order to become suitable for new contents, i.e. above all there is a widening of the mouth which made it wider than the base. The jars seem to have been called nmst jars, and are often represented within the scenes of stone vessel workshops. Their shape also very much resembles the shape of model stone shouldered jars. As four of them appear in complete sets, these model jars might represent the models of canopic jars within the sets of model stone vessels deposited within the Old Kingdom tombs.
2
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The Old Kingdom “kohl-pot” and its reinterpretation

88%
Jirásková L.
Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)
|
2016
|
issue 17
47-51
EN
The article aims to interpret the so-called “kohl pot” in the Old Kingdom. There are only several vessels of this type that have been discovered and published so far. All of them come from burial contexts, and although some of them have been described as cosmetic jars, there is no reason as to why. The author of the present study has arrived at another interpretation based on the archaeological contexts of the vessels and on iconography. The position of the vessels in burial chambers, as well as their depictions in the Old Kingdom reliefs, rather point to their usage by ancient scribes as water pots.
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Ritual tradition and transfer between shape and meaning – model beer jars in stone and pottery

75%
Arias Kytnarová K., Jirásková L.
Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)
|
2015
|
issue 15
59-68
EN
Recent research of vessels made in stone and pottery, undertaken by the present authors, proves the existence of a strong interconnection and transfer of shapes between these two materials. The aim of this paper is to follow one particular group of vessels, namely that of beer jars, and their possible models in stone and ceramic. These miniatures or models represent an example of ideological transformation and at the same time ritual tradition in the meaning and function of such vessels. Such morphological influence was often transferable but could later lead to an independent development of a new type. The authors herein discuss the paths of formal inspiration, the process of changes and the influence on the examples of regular large-size beer jars made in pottery and compare them to ceramic and stone model beer jars. The article introduces the source of inspiration for the model vessels, their purpose, and further evolution during the course of the Old Kingdom.
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