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EN
The paper analyses the largest Polish mediaeval apocrypha, Rozmyślanie przemyskie. Using this example, the author shows the difficulty of formulating general judgments about mediaeval texts with a multilayered structure. The differences between the subsequent versions of the text prove to be rather large in the case of Rozmyślanie przemyskie. For this reason, even the assignment of the monument’s language to a specific dialectal base may apply to no more than a single layer of the text and, as a result, Red Ruthenian features may be found to co-appear with Lesser Polish ones. The author proposes that Rozmyślanie przemyskie displays both the vestiges of the original structure of the text, and traits of a new structure introduced by the last copyist. It is him who gave a title to the text, divided it in two, and added a considerable part of section titles. Therefore, we need to revise our current view that the last copyist was responsible for no more than the introduction of multiple mistakes into the text, and for incorporating into it the voice that was originally located in the margins and between the lines.
EN
Symfonije anielskie (1630) by Jan Żabczyc – an early baroque court poet – are a very popular collection of carols. This collection – of a very limited volume (only 36 texts) – is a part of the Polish religious songs tradition. This article is an attempt to analyse one type of a carol – New Year carol genre in this collection that is a very important part in the development of the whole genre. The researches prove that in Żabczyc’s times there was not a fixed name for the text about Christ’s birth. A carol genre only evolved. An ancient, antireligious New Year carol was its most developed type. Yet other forms either fixed (theological carol) or disappeared (idyllic carol, mythological carol) or just began to shape (pastoral carol). Differences between them were not clear. This article presents a few typical features of most stabilized genre form that is a New Year carol.
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