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EN
The purpose of the paper is to identify the axiological “image” of housing, perceived by students, taken as a specific group of respondents, offering an opportunity to visualise the cultural changes taking place in modern society. A CAWI survey was used with a non-random sample of 407 university students nationwide. The article is based on Gutman’s means-end chain method and Schwartz’s basic values theory. The respondents are as traditional as their parents and grandparents, with tradition, conformity and security dominating in the area of housing, with very low trust in other people. Respondents’ strong pro-ownership attitudes predominated in the group of values that constitute self-enhancement, such as power, achievement and hedonism. Any shared space is accepted by only 11% of respondents.
EN
This article is an attempt at investigating new meanings and significance of computer-based entertainment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors explore how and to what extent students in Poland have been using electronics for entertainment during the global crisis, what emotions appeared and whether they were able and willing to engage in an auto-reflexive process. The article presents the results of the questionnaire interview designed for the purposes of this particular study. The authors chose to reveal the multi-facetedness of the theme in question, i.e. focus on the possibilities and the future that computer-based etertainment offers, leading to transformations both externally and internally.
EN
Historical Institute (IH) of University of Lodz was established on 24 June 1948. The first years of its activity took place during the Stalinism period. The stuff and students were subjected to propaganda and were engaged in different political actions. Researches and didactics were imposed into methodology of Marxism-Leninism. The students of IH articulated their objection towards such practices in 1956 and therefore in next years, took place many positive changes. One of them was the possibility of making trips to archives and libraries in western countries. Unfortunately, in 1968 the Institute experienced many political upheavals. The consequences of anti-Semitic campaign, which were then set off, was dismissal from work and emigrating from Poland of four employees of IH. During next years, functioning of the Institute and life of the students were subjected to strong political pressure again. Its expression were e.g. working- -class practices of first year students. The situation in the Institute changed only when in 1980 Independent Self-governing Trade Union “Solidarity” was created. The students and employees started to fight for their issues. The former ones took part in nearly month-long sit-down strike (January–February 1981). After the introduction of martial law two students were interned, besides the stuff and students were forbidden to conduct any independent activities. Some of them however got engaged in underground activity. The legal activity started again only in May 1988. In this time the students government on the IH was created. The students and employees joined into the transitions which took place in 1989. One of adjuncts became even the Member of Parliament (so-called contractual Parliament).
PL
Instytut Historyczny (IH) Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego został utworzony 24 czerwca 1948 r. Pierwsze lata jego działalności przypadły na okres stalinizmu. Kadra i studenci zostali wtedy poddani propagandzie i byli angażowani w różne akcje polityczne, a badaniom i dydaktyce narzucono metodologię marksistowsko-leninowską. Swój sprzeciw wobec tych praktyk studenci IH wyrazili w 1956 r. i dlatego w kolejnych latach nastąpiło wiele korzystnych zmian. Jedną z nich była możliwość wyjazdów pracowników do archiwów i bibliotek w krajach zachodnich. Niestety w 1968 r. Instytut doświadczył wielu politycznych wstrząsów. Następstwem uruchomionej wtedy kampanii antysemickiej było zwolnienie z pracy i wyjazd z Polski czterech pracowników IH. W kolejnych latach funkcjonowanie Instytutu i życie studentów ponownie poddano silnej presji politycznej. Jej wyrazem były np. obowiązkowe praktyki robotnicze dla studentów I roku. Dopiero gdy w 1980 r. powstał Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy „Solidarność” w Instytucie sytuacja się zmieniła. Studenci i pracownicy zaczęli walczyć o swoje interesy. Ci pierwsi uczestniczyli nawet w trwającym blisko miesiąc strajku okupacyjnym (styczeń–luty 1981 r.). Po wprowadzeniu stanu wojennego dwóch studentów zostało internowanych, poza tym pracownikom i studentom zabroniono prowadzenia wszelkiej niezależnej działalności. Niektórzy z nich podjęli jednak aktywność w podziemiu. Jawna działalność niezależna została na nowo podjęta dopiero w maju 1988 r. Powstał wtedy w IH samorząd studencki. Studenci i pracownicy włączyli się też w przemiany, które nastąpiły w 1989 r. Jeden z adiunktów został nawet posłem na Sejm (tzw. Sejm kontraktowy).
PL
Studenci, doktoranci i stażyści z Armenii, Azerbejdżanu i Gruzji rozpoczęli przyjazdy na studia i staże do Polski na przełomie XX/XXI w. Powodem były przemiany polityczne w Polsce, dzięki którym dostęp do polskiego rynku edukacyjnego stał się łatwiejszy, a oferta przygotowana przez polskie uczelnie atrakcyjniejsza. Duże znaczenie w zwiększeniu przyjazdów cudzoziemców do Polski miały nowe programy stypendialne stworzone na mocy bilateralnych umów rządowych, planów wykonawczych inicjatyw międzynarodowych tj. Partnerstwo Wschodnie oraz propozycji organizacji pozarządowych.
EN
Students, doctoral students and trainees from Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia started arriving to study and for internships in Poland at the turn of the 20th and 21st century. The reason for that were the political changes in Poland, thanks to which the access to Polish education market has become easier, and the offer prepared by Polish universities more attractive. New scholarship programs, which were established under bilateral government contracts, implementation plans of international initiatives such as the Eastern Partnership and the proposals of NGOs, were crucial in boosting the arrivals of foreigners to Poland.
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