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EN
The modern family undergoes considerable social and cultural transformations, which results in an accumulation of problems in its internal functioning, and is relevant for the individual and social development of its members. The article describes the issue of fulfi lling the socialization and educational function as well as emotional and expressive function in complete and broken families, and their signifi cance for choosing the style of coping with diffi cult situations by young adults. The study included 233 people in the 16–24 age group. Based on the analyzes carried out, it was found that people growing up in complete families use the style focused on task and emotions more frequently, whereas respondents from broken families prefer the style focused on emotions and engaging in substitutive activities. There are differences between gender and age of people from complete and broken families, and the style of coping with problems they choose. The results of the research discussed in the article may be useful in educational and preventive practice.
PL
Cel badań. W badaniu poszukiwano różnic w stylach radzenia sobie ze stresem nastoletnich dziewcząt (N = 189) w grupie ryzyka anoreksji (n = 23) oraz w grupie kontrolnej (n = 23). Analizowano też związek między stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem a tendencją do reagowania nieprawidłowymi postawami wobec jedzenia i swojego ciała w warunkach stresu w obu grupach. Metoda. Zastosowano KSJ do oceny ryzyka anoreksji oraz CISS do pomiaru stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem. Wyniki. Badane z grupy ryzyka anoreksji wykazały istotną preferencję emocjonalnego stylu radzenia sobie ze stresem (t = 4,56, p < 0,01), zaś ich zdrowe rówieśniczki częściej posługiwały się stylem zadaniowym (t = –2,68, p < 0,05). Wystąpiła istotna umiarkowana korelacja między stylami radzenia sobie a tendencją do reagowania nieprawidłową postawą wobec jedzenia i własnego ciała w sytuacji trudnej w badanych grupach. Wysokiemu natężeniu tej tendencji w grupie ryzyka anoreksji towarzyszyła preferencja emocjonalnego (rho = 0,45; p < 0,05) oraz unikowego stylu radzenia sobie (rho = 0,42; p < 0,05), zaś jej niskie natężenie w grupie kontrolnej wiązało się z tendencją do stosowania stylu nastawionego na zadanie (rho = 0,46; p < 0,05). Wnioski. Skłonność do używania nieefektywnych i dezadaptacyjnych strategii radzenia sobie odgrywa istotną rolę w mechanizmie anoreksji, natomiast preferencja aktywnych i skutecznych sposobów walki ze stresem stanowi jeden z czynników chroniących nastolatki przed tym zaburzeniem.
EN
The purpose of the study was to find differences in styles of coping with stress in the group of teenage girls (N = 189) with the risk of anorexia (n = 23) and in the control group (n = 23). The relations between styles of coping with stress and the tendency to respond with abnormal attitudes towards eating and perception of the body in difficult situations in both groups was analyzed as well. There was KSJ used to assess the risk of anorexia and CISS to assess styles of coping with stress. The subjects with the risk of anorexia indicated significant preference of emotional style of coping with stress (t = 4,56, p < 0,01) and the control group used the task style more often (t = –2,68, p < 0,05). There was a significant moderate correlation between styles of coping with stress and tendency to respond with abnormal attitude towards eating and perception of the body in difficult situations in both groups. High tendency in the group with the anorexia risk correlated with the preference of emotional style (rho = 0,45; p < 0,05) and avoidance style (rho = 0,42; p<0,05) of coping with stress. Low tendency in control subjects correlated with the preference of task style of coping with stress (rho = 0,46; p < 0,05). Predisposition to use ineffective and maladaptive styles of coping with stress (avoidance and emotional styles) plays a role in the mechanism of anorexia and preference of active and efficient ways of coping with stress (task style) could be one of the factors protecting teenagers against this disorder.
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