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EN
Maritime activity around the globe currently generates a great amount of translation work, especially from English into other languages. This paper focuses on the analysis of the translation process in maritime legal and administrative documents. The study first establishes which maritime documents are most often translated and a tool is then developed to analyse such documents in detail, based on the concept of textual genre. Such analysis would help translators to better understand these highly specialised documents and thus contribute towards improving translation of the same.
EN
Maritime activity around the globe currently generates a great amount of translation work, especially from English into other languages. This paper focuses on the analysis of the translation process in maritime legal and administrative documents. The study first establishes which maritime documents are most often translated and a tool is then developed to analyse such documents in detail, based on the concept of textual genre. Such analysis would help translators to better understand these highly specialised documents and thus contribute towards improving translation of the same.
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Problém žánrů odborné právnické literatury

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EN
Lawyers were then coined among the best stylists, alongside writers, playwrights and poets. They were aware of this and showed their affinity with the world of literature in their works. Who among today’s lawyers would think of quoting poems in support of their claim? For example, the verses of Homer’s Iliad were cited by the lawyer Massurius Sabinus as evidence for his theory of the market contract. Then there is the question of whether we should pay attention to the texts of legal norms when examining the genre of professional legal literature. Here I chose a negative opinion. I am based on the opinion that the texts of legal norms are material, the object of legal literature, not its subject. As the subject of artistic prose is life as such, the subject of legal literature is the life of legal norms, i.e. their application to specific life situations. In the same way I look at court (and the other official) decisions as well. I analyse the individual subgenres in the article, as they separated from the unified concept of legal literature in ancient Rome and supplement the current border subgenres, which is popular legal literature.
CS
Byli si toho vědomi a svou spřízněnost se světem literatury projevovali i ve svých dílech. Koho z dnešních právníků by napadlo citovat na podporu svého tvrzení báseň? Například verše Homérovy Iliady uváděl právník Massurius Sabinus jako důkaz pro svou teorii smlouvy trhové. Pak je ještě otázka, jestli máme při zkoumání žánrů odborné právnické literatury věnovat pozornost i samotným textům právních norem. Zvolil jsem negativní stanovisko. Vycházím z názoru, že texty právních norem jsou materiálem, předmětem právní literatury, nikoli jejím subjektem. Jako je předmětem umělecké prózy život jako takový, je předmětem právní literatury život právních norem, tj. jejich aplikace na konkrétní životní situace. A stejně tak se dívám na soudní (a jiná úřední) rozhodnutí. Rozebírám v článku jednotlivé podžánry, tak jak se vyčlenily z jednotného pojetí právní literatury už ve starověkém Římě, a doplňuji je o aktuální hraniční podžánr, jímž je populární právnická literatura.
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