W tekście podjęta została kwestia autotelicznego i instrumentalnego znaczenia aktywności kulturalnej osób starszych. Odnosząc się do literatury, autorka wskazuje, że autoteliczność jest cechą definicyjną praktyk z obszaru kultury symbolicznej i odróżnia ją od kultury bytu oraz socjetalnej. W rzeczywistości jednak granice te nie są nieprzekraczalne. W artykule zaprezentowane zostały wyniki wtórnej analizy materiału z badań empirycznych aktywności kulturalnej osób starszych (wywiadów indywidualnych pogłębionych), ukierunkowanej pytaniami o podejścia (znaczenie) seniorów do aktywności kulturalnej; o to, czy zorientowane są one autotelicznie, czy raczej instrumentalnie oraz jaką rangę mają założenia instrumentalne w wyłonionych podejściach. Na tej podstawie zrekonstruowano siedem typów seniorów-uczestników przypisujących swojej aktywności kulturalnej odmienne znaczenia lokujące się pomiędzy dwoma biegunami: autoteliczności i instrumentalności.
EN
The article addresses the issue of the autotelic and instrumental function of the cultural activity of seniors. In reference to the literature, the author points out that autotelicity is a definitional feature of practices in the field of symbolic culture. She presents the results of a secondary analysis of data obtained in empirical research on the cultural activity of older people. This includes in-depth individual interviews, focused on questions about seniors’ approaches to cultural activity (meaning of cultural activity); about whether they are oriented autotelically or rather instrumentally and about the rank of the instrumental functions in distinguished approaches. The analysis reconstructed seven types of senior participants who attributed to their cultural activity different meanings which were located in between the poles of autotelicity and instrumentality.
Phenomenological-existential psychology assumes that the human identity consists of the subjectively experienced meanings, inscribed in the system of meanings and senses present in the world in which he or she lives. Human can define and recognize his/her world of subjective meanings through narration and dialogue, and the form of self-narration reflects the shape of his/her identity (Ricoeur, 1992; McAdams, 1993; Riessman, 2008; Gergen, Gergen, 2011). Analysis and interpretation of the story in terms of these meanings, which are manifestations of human subjectivity, seems to be the most effective when undertaken in the hermeneutic approach. The article indicates the advantages of this method, illustrating its effectiveness in relation to the analysis and interpretation of the stories of people in the senior age about life-important experiences. Self-narratives were obtained through a modified version of the autobiographical-narrative interview according to the German sociologist Fritz Schütze (2007; Kaźmierska, Schütze, 2013). Content interpretation has been verified by its evaluation by the subjects. The presented analysis of two out of ten self-narratives obtained allowed to discover the subjective world of meanings of the subjects, deepen the knowledge about the subjective nature of human life, as well as verify the effectiveness of the applied method.
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