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EN
In the author’s opinion, the declaration raises several questions. The document is of an adhesive nature, which excludes the possibility of negotiating and affecting its content, and – therefore – also making any amendments thereto. Attributing to themselves special “duties” in the process of European integration by some Member States is considered improper by the author. There are also doubts as to legitimacy of current and potential signatories to the Declaration. The proposed creation of a new entity in the form of a “federal union of States” would require a fundamental change in the Polish Constitution, a constitution which not only sees sovereignty as a value, but also establishes it as the foundations of statehood. The Declaration also contains a number of controversial statements, questionable in factual and praxeological terms. In the author’s opinion - the signing of a declaration by the Marshal of the Polish Sejm is, therefore, impossible and inadvisable.
EN
Opinion on the Declaration on “Greater European Integration – the Way Forward” signed in Rome on 14 September 2015 by the President of the Camera dei Deputati of Italy, the President of Assemblée nationale of France, the President of the Bundestag of Germany and the President of the Chambre des Députés of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
EN
Opinion on the Declaration of the Presidents of the Assemblée nationale of France, the Chambre des Députés of Luxembourg, of the Bundestag of Germany, and of the Camera dei Deputati of Italy of 14 September 2015. “Greater European Integration – the Way Forward”
EN
Even if the Declaration is not a binding document, in the author’s opinion, it cannot be ignored. It expressly outlines a scenario for federalization of the European Union. The future directions of European integration cannot be shaped by a few presidents of the parliaments of EU Member States. Doubts are also raised the need for a more extensive integration. The Declaration should not be in favour of creating a new political structure of the European Union, but rather promote a departure from localism and particularism that act today as a real obstacle to the success of the Union. The document can be interpreted as an incentive to create a more integrated structure based on the states of “old Europe” while leaving another, more “loose”, form for all other States, which would be unfavourable from the point of view of Polish interests. The author recommends three variants to be applied by the Sejm in response to the Declaration: the rejection, renegotiation (which is very unlikely), or make efforts to sign a new and different declaration.
EN
The article deals with the proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council on improving the gender balance among non‑executive directors of companies listed on stock exchanges and related measures. The aim of the proposal is to increase the number of women on corporate boards by setting a minimum objective of a 40% presence of them among the non‑executive directors. The author gives an assessment of legal, economic and social arguments for and against introducing gender quotas. The article also addresses the issue of whether the Union may restrict business activity of companies to increase the share of women on company boards.
EN
The authors, following an analysis of compliance of the proposal with the principle of subsidiarity, conclude that the proposed regulation does not allow for “better” fulfilment of its declared aim (to contribute to the goal of a more efficient, interconnected and sustainable functioning of the trans‑European transport network) rather than by legislating at national level. The proposal infringes the subsidiarity principle. The European Commission has not sufficiently justified the need for the proposed action. Improvement of the quality of port services and modernisation of port facilities in order to increase efficiency of operation of TEN‑T ports as well as their greater financial transparency aimed at attracting investments, can be achieved by the Member States without need for intervention from the EU.
EN
The author focuses on examining the compliance of the Regulation on the European Public Prosecutor’s Office with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality. The author examines the various arguments that supported the consistency of the proposal with the above-mentioned principles, and refers to the counter-arguments. This article contributes to discussion on the need to set up the European Public Prosecutor’s Office, its scope and other legal issues that need to be addressed.
SK
V predkladanom článku sa autor zameriava na skúmanie súladu nariadenia o Európskej prokuratúre so zásadami subsidiarity a proporcionality. Autor skúma jednotlivé argumenty, ktoré podporovali súlad návrhu tohto nariadenia s uvedenými zásadami, a uvádza k tomu protiargumenty. Predkladaný článok je príspevkom k diskusii o nevyhnutnosti zriadenia Európskej prokuratúry, o šírke jej pôsobnosti a ďalších právnych otázkach, ktorých riešenie bude potrebné nájsť.
EN
The European Union is undergoing one of the most powerful economic and political crises in the recent years. Its various causes are both internal and external (as they result from the EU’s international environment). In this situation, it is necessary to think about the future of the European integration project and the EU. In absence of an unambiguous scenario of the future situation, the question arises whether the values on which the EU had been built are enough to cement the Union in time of crisis. Are subsidiarity and solidarity sufficient motivation for the Member States and the EU (as an international organization) to effectively respond to new challenges that appear in the modern world? Will it suffice to anchor these values in the European treaties to make them work? In the article the listed research questions are answered.
Prawo
|
2015
|
issue 318
69 - 83
EN
The aim of this paper is to describe the axiological conditions of spatial development in Italy in the light of two main principles of Italian administrative law: subsidiarity and sustainable development. The principle of subsidiarity after the constitutional reform of 2001 has been a fundament of administration system. Concurrently for example values of human dignity, property, common goods have a big influence on the processes of municipality spatial planning and land use management.
EN
The aim of the article is to assess substantive rightness and consistency with EU law of the Proposal for a Directive on improving the gender balance among non‑executive directors (members of supervisory boards) of companies listed on stock exchanges. The article explains the reasons for under‑representation of women in supervisory boards of companies (corporations). It focuses on a formal analysis of the proposed binding acts of the European Union. The assessment is performed in the context of the principles of private law and conformity with EU legal standards, particularly the principles of proportionality and subsidiarity. The author proves that the proposal is not consistent with the subsidiarity principle, as the proposed action is not necessary and its objectives can be achieved by other means.
EN
Strengthening their Role in Shaping the EU policy (COM (2018) 703 final): The communication is a general and preliminary document of a political nature. It is a result of work on the reform of the European Union started in 2017 and the work undertaken in 2017 and 2018 at the initiative of the Commission by the Task Force in the scope of the above principles, in relation to a broadly understood action for better lawmaking. The Communication “identifies ways to strengthen the role of subsidiarity and proportionality in shaping the EU policy. In particular, it initiated follow-up activities of the Commission in relation to the recommendations of the Task Force and ways to highlight areas in which others should act”. In the author’s opinion, the document is unsatisfactory due to the limited set of suggestions for changes and their superficiality. The communication does not formulate any broader vision of action.
XX
This article explains the relationship between subsidiarity and legitimacy of policies designed at EU level. Through means of theoretically informed analysis this paper claims that if the principle of subsidiarity is respected and implemented throughout the policy process, EU policy-making can aspire to satisfy the condition of both input and output legitimacy. The empirical part of the paper shows how, through a subsidiarity control mechanism known as the Early Warning System, national parliaments can collectively fulfill representative and deliberative functions in EU policy-making. Conclusions about the changing dynamics in parliamentary modus operandi in the field of EU affairs lead to forming a set of recommendations for further research.
EN
The article aims to analyse the national parliaments’ capability of exerting influence on the European Commission in the framework of the yellow card procedure. The analysis is based on the actions undertaken by national parliaments of selected Member States from Western as well as Central and Eastern Europe within the period between the announcement of the European Commission proposal for a targeted revision of Directive 96/71/EC on the posting of workers and its decision to maintain the proposal. The analysis covers three variables concerning the states selected for analysis, namely the economic interest of those states, the coherence of their parliaments’ respective positions and the actions undertaken by the national parliaments, including those of their members, on the international level.
EN
The purpose of this opinion is to explain the legal basis of a “red card” procedure and the legal basis for the cooperation between the national parliaments of EU Member States, including the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, in relation to this procedure. The “red card” procedure involves scrutiny of the compatibility of EU draft legislative acts with the principle of subsidiarity and is operatively associated with the treatybased mechanism for submission by national parliaments of reasoned opinions on the non-compliance of draft legislation with the principle of subsidiarity. The possible concerted action of national parliaments on the “red card” procedure will have the same scope as that applied for “yellow card” and “orange card” procedures. According to the authors, decisions to be taken under “red card” procedure are not inconsistent with the Treaties, do not interfere with the procedures of “yellow card” and “orange card” and would not require changes to the Standing Orders of the Sejm. The legal basis (in both EU law and national law) for cooperation between national parliaments will be the same as the legal basis for their cooperation in the process of submitting reasoned opinions on the non- compliance of EU draft legislative acts with the principle of subsidiarity.
RU
В представленном исследовании проанализированы основные факторы стабилизации и дестабилизации общественно-политической жизни. Отдельный акцент сделан на специфике переходных обществ. Анализируются социально-политические и политико-правовые основы стабилизационного потенциала местного самоуправления на примере сравнительного анализа опыта Украины и Польши. Предложено переосмыслить и дополнить роль местного самоуправления стабилизационной функцией его деятельности. Делается вывод, что местное самоуправление может выполнять стабилизирующую роль в независимости от характера политической системы государства, но при этом должны выполняются определённые условия.
EN
In the presented research major factors of stabilization and destabilization of political life are analysed. The separate emphasis is placed on specifics of transitional societies. Socio-political and political-legal bases of stabilization capacity of local government on the example of the comparative analysis of experience of Ukraine and Poland. It is offered to rethink and add a role of local government with stabilization function of its activity. The conclusion is drawn that the local government can carry out stabilizing role in independence of character of political system of the state, but thus have to certain conditions will be satisfied.
EN
The Russian Federation is considered as a social system in which the sources of its development are the inherent social contradictions generating one of the most important problem in Russian constitutional practice. The historical movement of the Russian federative system is researched as a process of origination, unfolding and solution of these contradictions. With this point of view the evolvement of federalism in Russia is analyzed and some proposals for making its perspective model are presented.
EN
Environment of public administration is built by many subjective and objective elements among which the most important is human being and communities created by him/her. They are the reason of public administration existence which is establish in order to fulfill social needs resulting from the people’s coexistence in communities. The concept of human dignity, consider as normative rule or value which always should be taken into consideration by public administration, is insep­arably linked with the concept of human being treated as an individual or as apart of community. Public administration cannot act where human dignity is violated and is obliged to act when human dignity is in danger. Protection of human dignity should always be fundamental feature of public administration activities.
EN
This article presents the body of research work conducted by the Institute of Social Policy of the University of Warsaw on social organizations and their changing role in the implementation of social policies in Poland. The text highlights the potential of Polish social organizations and presents a preliminary analysis of the actual implementation of the constitutional provisions on the model of a social market economy and the principle of subsidiarity in society and politics. The article also presents the conclusions of IPS’ research, which show the achievements of social organizations in providing social services. The article points to the need for public administration to be more open to contracting for social services under long-term contracts.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia dorobek naukowy Instytutu Polityki Społecznej Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego na temat organizacji społecznych i ich zmieniającej się roli w realizacji zadań z zakresu polityki społecznej w Polsce. W tekście wskazano na potencjał polskich organizacji społecznych i dokonano wstępnej analizy urzeczywistnienia w praktyce życia społecznego i politycznego konstytucyjnych zapisów o modelu społecznej gospodarki rynkowej oraz zasadzie subsydiarności. Artykuł zawiera wnioski z prowadzonych w IPS badań wskazujących na dokonania dostawców usług społecznych jakimi są organizacje społeczne. W artykule wskazuje się na konieczność większej otwartości administracji publicznej na kontraktowanie usług organizacji społecznych w ramach umów wieloletnich.
EN
Both in the past and in the current period of human history we encounter similar problems: public lies, existential and economical destabilization, military conflicts, religious and spiritual confusion etc. As in St. Augustine´s time, today we, the modern Christians, are amidst all this turmoil also facing the challenge of how to make this world a better place to live while staying focused on the eternal and supreme Good – God himself. In a time of contemporary economic and financial crises, when many people face the threat of losing their jobs and experiencing many humiliating forms of social injustice, the Church through its leaders and thinkers is reminding us of the importance of the elementary principles of its social doctrine, as well as the universal moral norms and values that need to be exercised in the public life of the human family, as well as the personal lives of individuals. Every crisis is caused by the abandoning of morality and therefore the solution to any crisis requires our return to the timeless dimensions of truth and ethics.
EN
In this article we take on the issue of territorial division of the state. Under consideration are practical rather than theoretical aspects of such division. The fundamental thesis is as follows: practical utility of the appropriate division is very often sacrificed for the satisfaction of those who occupy positions in the administrative structures. It is no accident that in 1990, when self-government communes were appointed, their number increased (in comparison with the number of communes before self-government reform). The organizational units of less than a minimum size should not be created, and the entire organizational performance in creating organizational structures should be a minimalist action. This principle, which derives from management sciences, seems to be forgotten in Polish territorial division.
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