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Recent Polish Case Law on the Application of the Ordre Public Exception in Case of Transcription (Registration) of Foreign Birth Certificates into the Domestic Register of Civil Status

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Wasielewicz A.

Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego

2021

vol. 28

163-195

This article is an overview of the recent Polish case law on the application of the ordre public exeption in case of transcription of foreign birth certificates in Poland. In recent times, the ordre public exception was applied to prevent the transcription of birth certificates that indicate same-sex couples as parents of a child and birth certificates of children born by surrogacy. Simultaneously, it was commonly assumed that the transcription is obligatory in order to obtain Polish identity documents. For that reason, the refusal of transcription meant in fact i.a. the inability to obtain Polish identity documents. It caused not only practical complications in everyday life but it was also a serious breach of rights.This article outlines the evolution of the transcription case law in Poland. Initially, the administrative authorities and the courts had been refusing the transcription due to its inconsistency with fundamental principles of the legal order. Subsequently, however, transcription was found admissible on the basis of the principle of the best interests of the child. Due to the divergence in the case law, the issue of transcription was the subject of the resolution of seven judges of the Supreme Administrative Court of 2 December 2019 (ref. no. II OPS 1/19). The resolution states that the transcription is contrary to the fundamental principles of the legal order. However, the resolution also underlines that the fact that a child is a Polish citizen may be confirmed solely by a foreign birth certificate so there is no need for transcription in order to obtain Polish identity documents.

Nabycia polskiego obywatelstwa a urodzenie przez matkę zastępczą : uwagi na tle wyroków Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 6 maja 2015 r.: II OSK 2372/13 oraz II OSK 2419/13

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Wysocka-Bar A.

Problemy Współczesnego Prawa Międzynarodowego, Europejskiego i Porównawczego

2018

vol. 16

38-54

The article is a comment on the Supreme Administrative Court's verdicts of 6 May 2015 (signatures: II OSK 2372/12 and II OSK 2419/13) by which confirmation of the acquisition of Polish nationality based on ius sanguinus principle was denied to a child as the legal parentage was established in the foreign judgement and birth certificate indicating the genetic father and his same sex partner as parents. The denial was justified by the public policy clause. The Court underlined that the principle of marriage as a union between one woman and one man and the rule that mother is a woman that gave birth to the child are of fundamental character. The aim of the article is the analysis of various public and private international law institutions that interconnect in the discussed verdict: rules on acquisition of citizenship, ius sanguinus principle confronted with same sex parentage, the notion of "parent" in the citizenship law, the principle of ex legerecognition of foreign judgements, public policy clause as an obstacle to that recognition and also right to respect for private life as defined in the jurisprudence of European Human Rights Court.

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1 Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego

1 Problemy Współczesnego Prawa Międzynarodowego, Europejskiego i Porównawczego

1 Wasielewicz A.

1 Wysocka-Bar A.

1 2021

1 2018

Search results

Recent Polish Case Law on the Application of the Ordre Public Exception in Case of Transcription (Registration) of Foreign Birth Certificates into the Domestic Register of Civil Status

Nabycia polskiego obywatelstwa a urodzenie przez matkę zastępczą : uwagi na tle wyroków Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 6 maja 2015 r.: II OSK 2372/13 oraz II OSK 2419/13