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PL
Student uniqueness demands that the teacher/catechist is inventive not only in the learning methods and teaching techniques employed but also in the way content is structured. Only in this way can the teacher ascertain that his/her students’ requirements are met and, consequently, student learning facilitated. However, teachers’ creativity should not mean haphazard choice of methods and techniques. Teaching is both an art and a science. The limitless nature of creativity should be used judiciously and made to bear fruit through the application of knowledge of educational psychology and instructional design. By using Adaptive Religious Education, the teacher may be guided to use different techniques in a methodical manner in order to ensure and enhance student learning. In particular, thesystematic use of different symbol systems can help teachers to improve student learning. The paper will put forward a number of principles and practical suggestions that may guide teachers in planning R.E. lessons.
EN
Among various anthropological questions religion surely takes the central position. The author of the article tries to show C. Geertz’s conception of religion as the background of evolutionist and functional debates about it. He departs from perceiving religion in the categories of a social fact towards treating it as a system of symbols. The model suggests a certain closed circulation of connected elements: ethos and worldview, mutually confirming each other. Worldview is an element of the natural structure of the world. This suggests that it is the only possible and natural way of acting and perceiving the world, consolidated by religious and emotional experience that is an element of the ritual. In the situation of social change religious symbols seem to lose their influence, turning into various forms of ideology – a phenomenon Geertz called “ideologization of religion”. This is done owing to the victory of “commonsensical cognition” over religious cognition. By the very fact the religious lifestyle – “religiousness” – is transformed into “religious-mindedness”. The struggle between them is the “struggle for reality”.
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