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Państwo i jego ustrój w myśli Ignacego Matuszewskiego

100%
Andrzejczak K.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2019
|
issue 6(155)
27-63
EN
The article deals with concept of the state and its system according to Ignacy Matuszewski (1891–1946) — a soldier, journalist and politician with extraordinary abilities in all those areas of activity. Cofounder, as the head of the Second Unit of the General Staff, of intelligence successes during the Polish-Bolshevik War; Minister of Treasury, implementing, with iron consistency, the principles of deflationary policy; the Piłsudskiites’ leading publicist and economic expert; champion abandoned by his political environment, opposing the government’s propaganda and pointing to Poland’s unpreparedness for imminent war; animator of the Polish diaspora in the U.S.; defender of Poland’s interests, trying to show the Western public opinion the true face of the Soviet Union. The article focuses on Matuszewski’s systemic concepts, since he cocreated the policy of the state as the leading publicist of “Piłsudski’s Colonels” and participant to backroom conferences on rebuilding the system of the state. Herein, Matuszewski’s publicist activity including systemic discussions is presented, his participation in constitutional conferences in 1928 and 1932, his press publications in the period between the last conference and the adoption of the April Constitution, as well as a series of articles of 1935, presenting principles of the new fundamental law, whose ideological foundations and systemic solutions were fully accepted and supported by Matuszewski.
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Prawa i Sprawiedliwości krytyka Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 1997 r.

100%
Sanecka-Tyczyńska J.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2018
|
issue 4(147)
75–88
EN
The article refers to the position of the Law and Justice party as regards the Polish fundamental law, in force since 1997. Diagnosing the constitution, Law and Justice politicians pointed to its fl aws and provisions resulting in the systemic weakness of the state. The diagnosis comprised four problematic areas: circumstances (origin) of the passing of the Constitution of 1997, criticism of axiological foundations and systemic regulations, as well as legal systemic effects of constitutional provisions. Questioning a relevant part of Poland’s systemic achievements after 1989, Law and Justice saw the need for fundamental changes in almost all spheres of political and social life. The party’s answer to the multi-sphere state crisis was the project of the Fourth Republic of Poland, signifying a radical reconstruction of the state. The basis for the proposed changes was to be the new constitution. Law and Justice’s idea of “the good constitution” expressed the will to found a strong, independent state, which would “play the role of a depositary of values and historic heritage”. The party’s views on the Constitution of the Third Republic of Poland were in line with the broader project of building a strong state. There dominated the view that “democratic” or “liberal” values cannot serve to specify the ideological foundations of social and political order. The priority was to clearly define the anticommunist identity and to found modernization of the state on tradition.
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