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  1. 2 Bożek M.

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W poszukiwaniu władzy stabilizującej porządek konstytucyjny (część II)

100%
Bożek M.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2019
|
issue 2(151)
7–38
EN
In modern constitutionalism, the systemic stabilization is represented in its two aspects. It is the primary systemic value of the constitutional order as a whole, guaranteeing the realisation of other values. In this context, it is most often understood as constitutionality and efficiency of the constitutional order. Systemic stabilization may also be regarded as a separate legal sphere of the state’s activity, i.e., in this case the activity of organs of the state, whose purpose is to guarantee the constitutionality and efficiency of the constitutional order. As a separate sphere of the state’s activity, it may only be distinguished within a parliamentary system. This is due to the specific form of the principle of separation of powers. Among various state organs capable of exercising this legal sphere, head of state and constitutional court are most often listed. However, as proven by the analysis of the manner of fashioning the office of the head of state in the parliamentary system, stabilization of the constitutional order may at most be regarded as one of its systemic functions. The core of the head of state’s activity in this model of governance is representing the state in its external relations and before the society. Hence a thesis may be formulated, that in a parliamentary system, head of state is a separate power — the representing power (authority). Most arguments are in favour of vesting a constitutional court with systemic stabilization as a separate legal sphere of activity. The activity of a constitutional court displays numerous particular features that can not be assigned to the classic powers in the state. In a parliamentary system, a constitutional court is a holder of a separate state power–power stabilizing the constitutional order. At the same time, this does not preclude its legal status of a judicial organ.
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W poszukiwaniu władzy stabilizującej porządek konstytucyjny (część I)

100%
Bożek M.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2018
|
issue 5(148)
7–22
EN
The idea of guaranteeing the systemic stabilization has been part of the history of political thought since the ancient times. Moreover, it had found its formal expression in the specific systemic institutions in the ancient Rome. Nowadays it is considered a fundamental constitutional problem. Searching for organs capable of realizing the task of stabilization has become increasingly more important along with the popularization of the doctrine of separation of powers. From the very beginning, a view had been formulated deeming the division of powers into the three classic ones — the legislative, the executive and the judiciary — insuffi cient. In the doctrine attempts have been made to distinguish a separate state authority whose role would be to stabilize the system. Threefold search has been conducted. One idea was to vest the task in the head of state — firstly, the monarch, then also the president. Another involved constitutional courts as organs most predestined to fulfil the task of stabilizing the constitutional order. Some saw the second chamber of parliament fi t for the role of the system stabilizer.
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