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Kształtowanie się współczesnej koncepcji polskiego systemu szkolnictwa muzycznego w latach 1945–1959 w kontekście dyskusji środowiskowych

100%

Domagała J.

Ars inter Culturas

2020

issue 9

141-166

In the period after World War II, a new three-tier organization of music education was intro-duced in Poland. In 1945, schools were divided into music schoolsoflowerdegree, middle degree schools and music colleges and academies as higher music education. There were also music appreciation schools The solutions adopted were largely based on the patterns that exi-sted in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The three-tier structure enabled – according to the designers of this model – to adapt teaching to new needs and specialize depending on the student’s level of talent. However, the introduction of new organizational solutions faced dif-ficulties, some of the music community questioned the scope, pace and nature of the changes. A separate position was presented by many recognized Polish musicians and teachers. Music schools introduced the new teaching structure in a slow and often reluctant manner. As a result of the pedagogical discussion in the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage introduced quite significant changes. Although the three-tier structure was retained, music appreciation schools were closed.In the 1950s, intensive efforts were undertaken at the Ministry of Culture and Science to analyze the problems of the Polish model of music education and prepare new structural solutions. Outstanding representatives of Polish musical life took part in these. A number of systemic difficulties were noticed, including students overburdened with studies, high drop-out rates, and artificial separation of the stages of education. New concepts for the organization of education were presented, frequently with references to the old, pre-war solutions, which were appreciated as already tested and more effective. Some outstanding musicians and teachers presented their critical standpoints in the music press. Despite the unequivocal position of many representatives of the pedagogical and music community, the authorities of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage lacked the determination and sufficient courage to carry out a fundamental reform of the Polish model of music education. Legal acts were prepared and published in which the then current model of education was maintained. Primary music schools of the first degree were provided functions of music appreciation education, and second-degree schools were assigned professional functions.This article is the first attempt to show the circumstances of implementing a new model of music education in Poland. It shows the reaction of the pedagogical and musical community as well as the continuous structural problems. The article was prepared with the use of extensive archival sources, press articles and legal documents.

Kontynuacja idei i celów Salezjańskiej Szkoły Organistowskiej w Przemyślu w salezjańskich szkołach muzycznych w Lutomiersku

80%

Dąbrowski K.

Musica Ecclesiastica

2018

issue 13

41-58

Założona w 1918 r. przez ks. Antoniego Chlondowskiego, wybitnego kompozytora użytkowej muzyki kościelnej, Salezjańska Szkoła Organistowska w Przemyślu działała – z przerwą w latach okupacji niemieckiej – do 1963 r. Odegrała ona dużą rolę w upowszechnianiu kultury muzycznej w Polsce. Działalność szkoły przyczyniła się do odnowy polskiej muzyki religijnej oraz podniesienia poziomu wykształcenia organistów kościelnych. W tej zasłużonej dla polskiej kultury muzycznej szkole kształciło się ponad tysiąc uczniów, z których prawie sześciuset otrzymało dyplom ukończenia nauki. Wśród nich znajduje się wiele znanych postaci, m.in. Feliks Rączkowski, Tadeusz Jarzęcki, czy Marian Sawa. Do szczytnej tradycji szkoły przemyskiej nawiązują Salezjańskie Szkoły Muzyczne w Lutomiersku – Salezjańska Ogólnokształcąca Szkoła Muzyczna II stopnia (powstała w 1996 r.) i Salezjańska Szkoła Muzyczna II stopnia (powstała w 2004 r.). Lutomierskie szkoły muzyczne są szkołami prywatnymi z uprawnieniami przypisanymi szkołom państwowym, a ich organem założycielskim i prowadzącym jest Towarzystwo Salezjańskie Inspektoria św. Stanisława Kostki z siedzibą w Warszawie. Szkoły stawiają sobie za cel wykształcenie profesjonalnej kadry organistów i muzyków przygotowanych zarówno do pracy w kościele, jak i do podjęcia studiów muzycznych. Nadrzędnym celem przyświecającym prowadzącym szkołę salezjanom jest, kierując się systemem prewencyjnym, wewnętrznie spójne ukształtowanie osobowości uczniów w sferach: duchowej, umysłowej i artystycznej, zgodnie z dewizą św. Jana Bosko, na „dobrych obywateli i uczciwych chrześcijan”.

Established in 1918 by outstanding composer of applied church music, father Antoni Chlondowski, Salesian School of Organists in Przemyśl stayed open until 1963 with only the short interval during German occupation of Poland when its function was suspended. It played a very important role in promulgation of the musical culture in Poland and also contributed to improved level of education of the church organists as well as rejuvenation of the polish religious music. More than a thousand students attended the school of which almost six hundred received a graduation diploma. Amongst the graduates are also well known and famous people like Feliks Rączkowski, Tadeusz Jarzęcki, or Marian Sawa. Laudable traditions of the School of Organists in Przemyśl are being continued by the Salesian Musical Schools in Lutomiersk – Salesian Level II Music High School (established in 1996) and Salesian Level II Music School (established in 2004). Schools are private institutions run by the Salesian Society Inspectorate of Saint Stanislaw Kostka with headquarters in Warsaw, but with all the privileges just like the state operated schools. Main objective of the school education is to form the professional staff of organists and musicians which would be prepared to either work as a church organist or continue education in the Academy of Music. Following the Salesian principles of educational system with the prevention as a cornerstone of it, the paramount goal of the school is to mold student’s personality which is intrinsically cohesive in the spiritual, mental and artistic spheres, so as per motto of Saint J. Bosko they grow up to be “good citizens and honest Christians”.

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1 Ars inter Culturas

1 Musica Ecclesiastica

1 Domagała J.

1 Dąbrowski K.

1 2021

1 2018

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Kształtowanie się współczesnej koncepcji polskiego systemu szkolnictwa muzycznego w latach 1945–1959 w kontekście dyskusji środowiskowych

Kontynuacja idei i celów Salezjańskiej Szkoły Organistowskiej w Przemyślu w salezjańskich szkołach muzycznych w Lutomiersku