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  1. 1 Gronek A.

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Sakrament namaszczenia chorych i jego obrazowanie w sztuce zachodnioruskiej w dobie polemiki międzywyznaniowej

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Gronek A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
|
2014
|
vol. Synody Cerkwi Prawosławnej w I Rzeczypospolitej
|
issue 5
121-143
EN
Texts from the New Testament – namely Mark 6, 13 and James 5, 14-15 – witness to the apostolic origin of the sacrament of the anointing of the sick. It was already known in the first ages of Christian Church as Origen, Eusebius of Cesarea, John Chrysostom, Cyrill of Alexandria, St Hypolite, St Serapion of Thmuis write about it. The ordo of the contemporary rite was formed finally in the XIV century. At the synod of Kiev in 1640 the text of catechism was approved and most important questions concerning the liturgy and rites were solved. As a result The Great Euchologion was edited in 1646. The first images representing the sacrament appeared only in printed euchologions of which the earliest was integrated into a vignette header placed in the Euchologion of Stratin (1606). The same type of pictures appear in other editions during the whole XVII century. The possible differences concern the number of details included in the images. The sacrament is presented in most cases in liturgical books, much fewer are actual paintings – icons or frescoes. In the Ruthenian art (e.g. St’Andrew’s Church in Kiev or Holy Trinity Church in the Laure of Kiev-Pechersk), apart from the narrative images presenting the sacrament, there are also – under the influence of baroque art – the ones of symbolic (for example Euchologion edited in Pochaev in 1741) or typological nature (among others using as figure the parable of merciful Samaritan). Still in the XVII and XVIII one does not observe significant changes in the way of presenting the sacrament of anointing of the sick either in the Orthodox Church (as a result of polemic with Catholics) or in the Greek Catholic Church (as a result of Latinization): there were always seven priests administering seven unctions.
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