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EN
Introduction of the local coefficient in the property tax law since 2009 gave a significant tax authority to Czech municipalities; on average they can up to quadruple their property tax revenue which means increasing their total revenue by more than 10%. Czech municipalities appeared very cautious when exercising this new autonomy and only less than 8% of them applied the local coefficient in 2013. The theory of yardstick competition offers one of the possible explanations of this reluctance: Voters do not vote for politicians who increase taxes unless the politicians in the neighbouring jurisdictions increase taxes as well. So municipal politicians are carefully observing what others do and approve the local coefficient with prudence. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the usage of the local coefficient with special regard to spatial distribution and impacts on re-election and to verify the existence of the yardstick competition among Czech municipalities in case of the property tax. The results of the difference of means test using data for 206 municipalities with extended scope comply with this theory: (1) politicians who applied local coefficient in 2010 got re-elected in a significantly lesser number of municipalities than those who did not, and (2) in all years analyzed, municipalities applying local coefficient are surrounded by a higher share of municipalities with local coefficient than municipalities without it.
EN
The association of local and regional self-government is examined in regard to the decentralization of state administration. This study extrapolated data from 36 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries and analyzed whether decentralization of the state assists in economic growth and development. Administrative decentralization is explored through defining a precedence from the literature. A systematic literature review was conducted and macroeconomic OECD data using nominal gross domestic product was analyzed for the period of 1995–2018. The results confirmed that decentralization does not positively correlate with the level of tax independence of local government and, in eff ect, is not an advantage. Territorial administration is highlighted throughout the paper as a key factor behind tax autonomy in relation to fiscal decentralization levels.
EN
The aim of this paper is to discuss non-discrimination rules concerning tax matters on the example of Polish case analysis. Author wishes to conduct research work in broader context. In this regard it is necessary to outline the current globalized world in which tax systems of states operate, discuss the concept of state’s tax autonomy and examine how the role of a state on tax matters has recently changed. Subsequently the non-discrimination rules from an international perspective shall be presented. It is also important to answer the question about the impact of those rules on state’s tax autonomy and about the role which they could play in reconciling political goals in the current globalized world. All of this contexts enables to examine non-discrimination rules from Polish perspective. Author introduces all of non-discrimination rules concerning taxation in Polish legal order, accordingly presents and studies Polish case law regarding those rules. Finally, overall conclusions of the research work are introduced which are intended to discuss the role, significance and the future of non-discrimination rules in contemporary globalized world, both from international and Polish perspective.
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