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1

Instruments Stimulating Taxpayers to Transfer Their Tax Residence to the Republic of Poland

100%

Kucia-Guściora B.

Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem

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2023

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vol. 15

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issue 1

197-213

EN

The purpose of this article is to present two tax preferences, in force from 1 January 2022, dedicated to taxpayers transferring their residence to Poland. Their way of design is an incentive to become a Polish tax resident, and their introduction to Polish income tax is justified by both economic and demographic reasons. The first of the instruments is a lump-sum tax on foreign revenue amounting to PLN 200,000, addressed mainly to natural persons with very high foreign income (high net worth individuals), who are ready to allocate significant funds for the implementation of socially beneficial projects. The second instrument stimulating the transfer of residence is the tax exemption due to the return to the country, which can be considered a type of ‘tax holiday’, as selected domestic income during the four tax years from the transfer of tax residence is subject to a limited tax exemption. The article indicates the stimulating nature of both concepts by analysing the conditions for their application in the context of a deviation from standard taxation rules. Moreover, the paper indicates that similar solutions are also applied in other countries.

2

Determining and Changing Tax Residence – the Effects on Individuals

86%

Kucia-Guściora B.

Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem

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2019

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vol. 11

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issue 4

210-231

EN

The subject of this article is the analysis of reasons and results of determining as well as changing tax residence in the light of Polish personal income tax. This topic underlies a broad concept of migration, especially that of profit-driven character. The author presents this research issue on the basis of the current legislation, doctrine as well as practice of applying the law by the judiciary and the tax autho-rities. The analysis of the valid regulations of tax law leads to the conclusion that the fiscal situation of migrants is so diversified as well as complicated from the legal point of view that it raises justified practical doubts. It is assumed that tax residence is dynamic and thus may change as a result of both intended and unin-tended taxpayers’ actions which may have specific tax law effects. They are reflected not only in tax preferences but also in obligations concerning tax settlements. Apart from ordinary tax consequences of determining or changing tax residence, the author relates also to particular legal solutions such as: exit tax, taxation of foreign controlled companies or appliance of the provisions of Multilateral Convention (MLI). The described issues are significant for both theory and practice of tax law application.

3

Ustalenie i zmiana rezydencji podatkowej – skutki dla osób fizycznych

58%

Kucia-Guściora B.

Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem

|

2019

|

vol. 11

|

issue 4

182-209

EN

The subject of this article is the analysis of reasons and results of determining as well as changing tax residence in the light of Polish personal income tax. This topic underlies a broad concept of migration, especially that of profit-driven character. The author presents this research issue on the basis of the current legislation, doctrine as well as practice of applying the law by the judiciary and the tax autho-rities. The analysis of the valid regulations of tax law leads to the conclusion that the fiscal situation of migrants is so diversified as well as complicated from the legal point of view that it raises justified practical doubts. It is assumed that tax residence is dynamic and thus may change as a result of both intended and unin-tended taxpayers’ actions which may have specific tax law effects. They are reflected not only in tax preferences but also in obligations concerning tax settlements. Apart from ordinary tax consequences of determining or changing tax residence, the author relates also to particular legal solutions such as: exit tax, taxation of foreign controlled companies or appliance of the provisions of Multilateral Convention (MLI). The described issues are significant for both theory and practice of tax law application.

PL

Przedmiotem opracowania jest analiza przesłanek i skutków ustalenia i zmiany rezydencji podatkowej w świetle polskiego podatku dochodowego od osób fizycznych. Problematyka ta wpisuje się w szerokie zagadnienie migracji w szczególności o charakterze zarobkowym. Autorka dokonuje prezentacji zagadnienia badawczego w oparciu o aktualne ustawodawstwo, dorobek doktryny oraz wskazuje na praktykę stosowania prawa przez sądownictwo i organy podatkowe. Analiza aktualnych przepisów prawa podatkowego pozwala twierdzić, że sytuacja podatkowa osób migrujących jest zróżnicowana i na tyle skomplikowana pod względem prawnym, że wzbudza uzasadnione wątpliwości praktyczne. W opracowaniu przyjęto założenie, że rezydencja podatkowa ma charakter dynamiczny, więc może ulegać zmianom jako wynik zamierzonego lub niezamierzonego działania podatników, które wywołują określone skutki prawnopodatkowe. Mają one wyraz zarówno w preferencjach podatkowych, jak obowiązkach w zakresie rozliczeń podatkowych. Autorka obok zwyczajnych następstw podatkowych ustalenia lub zmiany rezydencji podatkowej odnosi się do szczególnych rozwiązań prawnych, takich jak: podatek od niezrealizowanych zysków, opodatkowanie zagranicznych spółek kontrolowanych, czy stosowanie postanowień Konwencji MLI. Poruszone kwestie mają istotne znaczenie tak dla teorii, jak praktyki stosowania prawa podatkowego.

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3 Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem

3 Kucia-Guściora B.

1 2023

2 2019

Instruments Stimulating Taxpayers to Transfer Their Tax Residence to the Republic of Poland

Determining and Changing Tax Residence – the Effects on Individuals

Ustalenie i zmiana rezydencji podatkowej – skutki dla osób fizycznych