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EN
The study was set to understand students’ feelings when using Facebook as a platform for practicing writing skills. It could be determined that respondents appreciated and enjoyed working on Facebook. The general sense was that of having a low level of stress and anxiety while working online as their affective filter was reduced. Students were able to work at their own pace, anywhere they wanted, and they could communicate with each other, and the teacher if they had questions. The paired T-test resulted in a negative null hypothesis and, as a whole, the class improved by four percent.
EN
The assumption that foreign language learners experience a high level of anxiety mainly when faced with speaking activities implies that research should focus on those learners prone to anxiety over that skill. Despite not being widely investigated, foreign language writing anxiety also seems to be a concern for a large number of students. Drawing on questionnaire findings, the study reported in this article examined the nature of, and the connection between the English language classroom speaking and writing anxiety of 128 Greek EFL learners in private language school settings. Speaking anxiety was operationalised by Horwitz, Horwitz, and Copeʼs (1986) Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale, and writing anxiety was measured by Gungle and Taylorʼs (1989) ESL version of the Daly and Millerʼs (1975) Writing Apprehension Test. Interconstruct and intraconstruct associations between the two instruments were examined through principal components analysis with varimax rotation and correlations check. A significant and high correlation was found between classroom anxiety and speaking anxiety, thus indicating that the English language classroom context is a source of speaking anxiety. Writing anxiety was found to load primarily on items relating to attitudes towards writing in English followed by self-derogation for the process and fear of negative evaluation by the teachers and/or by fellow students. On the basis of the findings, suggestions are made concerning the reassessment of the influence that writing anxiety exerts on classroom performance and the adoption of teaching techniques that promote topic-centred process writing.
EN
The assumption that foreign language learners experience a high level of anxiety mainly when faced with speaking activities implies that research should focus on those learners prone to anxiety over that skill. Despite not being widely investigated, foreign language writing anxiety also seems to be a concern for a large number of students. Drawing on questionnaire findings, the study reported in this article examined the nature of, and the connection between the English language classroom speaking and writing anxiety of 128 Greek EFL learners in private language school settings. Speaking anxiety was operationalised by Horwitz, Horwitz, and Copeʼs (1986) Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale, and writing anxiety was measured by Gungle and Taylorʼs (1989) ESL version of the Daly and Millerʼs (1975) Writing Apprehension Test. Interconstruct and intraconstruct associations between the two instruments were examined through principal components analysis with varimax rotation and correlations check. A significant and high correlation was found between classroom anxiety and speaking anxiety, thus indicating that the English language classroom context is a source of speaking anxiety. Writing anxiety was found to load primarily on items relating to attitudes towards writing in English followed by self-derogation for the process and fear of negative evaluation by the teachers and/or by fellow students. On the basis of the findings, suggestions are made concerning the reassessment of the influence that writing anxiety exerts on classroom performance and the adoption of teaching techniques that promote topic-centred process writing.
EN
This paper looks at how L2 students’ writing experiences relate to the way they think they can write poems and to further investigate if any types of writing experiences contribute to their perceived poetry writing ability. The paper starts by bringing up the value of introducing poetry writing to L2 students. Then, the literature review section highlights the characteristics of L2 poetry and the values of writing poetry in L2 writing classrooms. For the methodology, semi-structured interviews were used to elicit the participants’ understanding of their writing experiences. Additionally, a rating scale was used for the participants to identify their perceived capability of writing poetry. All 18 participants who were from regions that included countries from Eastern Asia, Middle East, or Africa, were L2 students from an M.A. TESOL program located in the USA. Through a hierarchical cluster analysis, the findings categorized these students as having five different types of writing experiences. Through a Pearson correlation test, the researcher also examined if any of the specific writing experiences were found to correspond either positively or negatively with the perceived poetry writing ability. The data suggest that if students recall more grammar and structured writing experiences, they are more inclined to perceive that they have a lower perceived poetry writing ability. Finally, the study seeks to contribute to educators’ understanding about the potential of poetry writing instruction in L2 writing classrooms. It can trigger the exploration for L2 students to find their own personal purposes of writing as multilingual writers.
EN
The author demonstrates how to develop and improve the writing competence of French language students at an advanced level (B2), drawing on selected examples of the language of emotions and the concepts of SILENCE and SOLITUDE. The article successfully applies Conceptual Metaphor Theory, initiated by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), to teaching and learning the French vocabulary of emotions as usually being not predictable but metaphorically motivated. A short experiment has been carried out in a group of French-philology undergraduate students. The experiment has been designed to examine the effectiveness of the socio-affective and cognitive approach aimed at developing not only lexical competence, writing skills, and creativity, but also the affective relations among students themselves and between the teacher and students while under lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic accompanied by online teaching. The experiment shows that being aware of metaphorical motivations behind idiomatic expressions of emotions allows students not only to better learn, use, and organise new vocabulary, but also to be more creative. The author proposes some writing exercises to be used in classroom instruction. Despite the undeniable advantages of the proposed approach, its pedagogical potential should be tested on more data and on a longer-term basis.
FR
Cette contribution est centrée sur l’enseignement-apprentissage du lexique émotionnel lié aux concepts de solitude et de silence, en vue du développement de la compétence rédactionnelle en français langue étrangère au niveau avancé (B2). L’auteure applique la théorie de la métaphore conceptuelle de Lakoff et Johnson (1980) à l’enseignement-apprentissage du lexique émotionnel sémantiquement imprédictible, mais métaphoriquement motivé. L’article présente le déroulement et les résultats d’une courte expérimentation didactique menée au sein d’un groupe d’étudiants de licence en philologie romane. L’expérimentation questionne l’efficacité de l’approche socio-affective et socio-cognitive qui a eu pour but non seulement le développement des compétences lexicales, rédactionnelles et créatives mais aussi le tissage de liens affectifs entre les étudiants eux-mêmes, et entre l’enseignante et les étudiants durant le confinement dû au COVID-19 et l’enseignement-apprentissage en ligne. L’auteure propose un parcours didactique autour d’activités réflexives et celles d’écriture créative, intégrant respectivement le lexique émotionnel. L’expérimentation a démontré que le fait d’être conscient de la motivation métaphorique des expressions idiomatiques relatives aux émotions permet aux apprenants de mieux mémoriser, utiliser et organiser le lexique étudié ainsi que d’être plus créatifs. Malgré les avantages incontestables de l’approche présentée, son potentiel didactique devrait être testé à long terme et avec un plus grand nombre d’apprenants.
EN
In this paper I will discuss the importance of introducing minority voices when teaching American literature in Polish universities, and explore the multi-layered process necessary in doing so. I will argue that an interactive approach is essential in giving students a real understanding of diversity in America through literature. As examples of diverse American literature I will consider some writers already included in the standard American canon, such as William Faulkner and James Baldwin, and others who, though not canonical, represent important perspectives in the fabric of the American literary landscape, including Zadie Smith and David Sedaris. I will explore the ways in which these texts represent aspects of American diversity that are necessary for Polish students seeking to understand the American experience. Into this discussion of multiple voices, I will interweave my own account of the teaching process, beginning with choosing writers who accurately represent the complex cultural experience of America, to referencing the cultural background of the students, to offering concrete information about the cultural context of the writing under discussion. I will conclude with a discussion of the ways in which accurate readings of American literary diversity inform students’ broader understanding of American literature, and provide suggestions for others interested in teaching such a course.
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