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Structural transformation and economic development in the best performing sub-Saharan African states

100%
Świerczyńska K.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2017
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vol. 12
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issue 4
547-571
EN
Research background: Economic development in sub-Saharan Africa is of paramount importance, yet it escapes most of the attempts to understand it better in the economic dis-course, and it remains a sensitive issue in politics, contradicting stakeholders at national and international levels. The region still lags behind others in terms of technological advancement and economic development. It has grown  significantly in the precedent decade, but the extent of growth has not sufficiently translated to its development. Determining strategies for sub-Saharan Africa is a scientific challenge, which requires more attention. In the globalized, interconnected reality, solving problems of the South is in the best interest of the North. Purpose of the article: The aim of this research is to analyze structural changes as factors of economic development in the best performing sub-Saharan African countries on the grounds of new structural economics in order to provide policy implications.   Methods: Namibia, Botswana, South Africa and Gabon were selected as best performing economies in the region. Based on the literature review and the analysis of descriptive statistics, profiles of sample countries were set. This in turn allowed to determine the potential explanatory variables for OLS model of economic development. In the model, factors relating to labour productivity, technology and structural change were included. The data was sourced from WDI (World Development Indicators) database, Gretl software was used for computations. Findings & Value added: This paper contributes to the literature by attempting to explain structural changes in the process of economic development in the sub-Saharan region on the sample of best performing states. The paradigm of new structural economics provided theoretical grounds for empirical analysis. Based on the results, policy implications were proposed with respect to technology promotion, natural resources management, and quality of institutions. The research was limited by data availability and reliability.
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Systemic Outlook in Technology- Management Trends of Best Technology/ICT Companies

100%
Jemala M.
Organizacija
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2013
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vol. 46
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issue 4
143-156
EN
In the last time, new technology generations in many industries are presented every 2-3 years. The next technology revolution is expected to be different from the previous ones because technology is present in every aspect of our society. Technology processes have more and more an interdisciplinary character, therefore must be carried out systematically and if possible in a planned form. From integration of technology processes; to customer insights that drive product and brand extensions; to spotting emerging voids that competitors miss; technology-management trends are of tremendous importance for optimum business growth and profit. The main goal of this paper is to examine particular trends related to technology-management, as well as selected business indicators of the most successful technology/ICT companies in the world. The research methodology was based on the extensive study of innovative activities described in the annual and related reports of the most profitable technology businesses.
3
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Technology Growth in India-Some Important Concerns

100%
Kumar D. A.
Polish Sociological Review
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2012
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vol. 178
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issue 2
295-302
EN
Technology has made its presence felt in various sectors of India’s development in the last twenty years. Communication and information technology, manufacturing industry, transportation, defence and space technologies are some of the important sectors which have incorporated modern technology in various aspects of their development and functioning. Also significant and visible changes have taken place in the consumer products available in the Indian market, most of them imported or locally manufactured by multinational corporations based in India. Do these changes qualify India to be considered as a technologically advanced country, and thereby making technological changes an integral part of the social change process of our society? Or are these developments restricted to certain elitist sections of society with little or negligible trickle-down effect of the knowledge bases of the technology developments? In this study a deconstructivist approach is adopted to analyse some of the processes involved in development and diffusion of technology in a society. With the exception of mobile phone technology it is argued that even though India has strong scientific and technological capabilities, it is emerging as a bigger consumer of technology products than as a producer and innovator of modern technology.
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Forecasting the economic impact of a vacuum tube high-speed transport system in Poland: An input-output approach

75%
Lach Ł., Marcin S., Kusa R., Duda J.
Managerial Economics
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2021
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vol. 22
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issue 2
113-142
EN
The aim of this paper is to specify the multiplier effects that are induced in the national economy in reference to the construction of Hyperloop lines in Poland using tunnel and trestle technology. In particular, we calculate the added value and employment growth for several industries that will contribute to the construction process. We use an input-output analysis that enables us to take the detailed structure of inter-industry linkages in Poland into account. According to our results, constructing a Hyperloop infrastructure in Poland would have the greatest stimulating impact on several sectors of the Polish economy, including crude oil and natural gas, metal ores, other mining products, building objects and construction work, products from other non-metallic raw materials, finished metal products, land and pipeline transport, and wholesale trade. However, this impact will be affected by the choice of construction technology (tunnel versus trestle). In addition, our calculations relate to particular routes of the potential Hyperloop network. This study contributes to the body of literature on transport infrastructures and public investments as well as Hyperloop technology development. Additionally, it contributes to the econometric methodology by employing an input-output analysis for forecasting the multiplier effects of constructing a Hyperloop system. This study has practical implications for the decision-making process on Hyperloop network development in the future.
5
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Kapitał ludzki – szanse i wyzwania w kontekście rozwoju koncepcji Industrie 4.0

75%
Stolarczyk A.
Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy
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2017
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vol. 51
73-81
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problem zasobów ludzkich w kontekście szans i zagrożeń, jakie niesie ze sobą rozwój koncepcji Przemysł 4.0 (niem. Industrie 4.0). Tłem dla analizy tego zagadnienia stały się: idea kapitału ludzkiego jako części kapitału intelektualnego, ogólna charakterystyka koncepcji czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej, jak również współczynnik gotowości państw członkowskich UE do implementacji jej zasad w gospodarkach krajowych (Industrie 4.0 – Readiness Index). Przytoczono również poglądy, inicjatywy i działania Komisji Europejskiej w zakresie kształtowania kapitału ludzkiego w dokumentach unijnych. W tym kontekście wskazano także problemy na krajowym rynku, poparte wynikami badań i analizami środowisk naukowych. W dobie cyfrowej transformacji Europy nieuniknione są zmiany w programach nauczania, na rynku pracy, w organizacji i administracji przemysłu. Przedstawiono także najważniejsze wyzwania stojące przed kapitałem ludzkim. Zwrócono uwagę na czynniki, które mogą determinować wdrożenie koncepcji Przemysł 4.0, takie jak: niski poziom umiejętności cyfrowych społeczeństwa, deficyt specjalistów branży IT, niski poziom finansowania badań naukowych, a także komercjalizacji innowacyjnych projektów. Z jednej strony cyfryzacja gospodarki i przemysłu niesie ze sobą zagrożenia w postaci wykluczenia z rynku pracy osób o niewyspecjalizowanych umiejętnościach czy braku kompetencji cyfrowych. Z drugiej stworzy też wiele możliwości dalszego kształcenia (kształcenie ustawiczne, szkolenia) oraz wygeneruje kolejne miejsca pracy, dzięki technologiom takim jak np. działanie w chmurze obliczeniowej.
EN
The article presents the problem of human resources in the context of the opportunities and threats posed by the development of the concept of Industry 4.0. The background for the analysis is: the idea of human capital as part of the intellectual capital, the general characteristics of the concept of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as the coefficient of preparedness of EU Member States to implement its principles in national economies (Industrie 4.0 – Readiness Index). Author also quoted the views, initiatives and activities of the European Commission in the field of formation of the human capital in the EU documents. It is the context of the problems on the domestic market. In the era of digital transformation of Europe we are facing inevitable changes in curricula, the labor market, the organization and administration of the industry. Major challenges facing human capital that may determine the implementation of the concept of Industry 4.0 in Poland are: low level digital skills, deficit of IT professionals, insufficient funding for research and commercialization of innovative projects. On the one hand, the digitization of the economy and the industry brings with it the threat of a exclusion of non-skilled workers or from the labor market. On the other, Industry 4.0 will create a lot of educational opportunities (lifelong learning, skills development) and will generate new jobs, thanks to technologies such as cloud computing.
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Directions of Artillery Development on the Example of the US Military and Artillery Use in the Baltic Sea Region

63%
Golonka A.
Safety & Defense
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2020
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vol. 2
113-122
EN
This article discusses role of field artillery on battlefield and the current state of field artillery. The purpose of this article is to outline development directions of artillery capability. Army surface-to-surface indirect fires will have a crucial part on the future battlefield. Essential trends in field artillery include: increase in range of fires systems; develop and disseminate of multi-sensor active-seeker munitions; advancement automated command and control; develop and implementation systems order to protect ground forces and forward operating bases from the threat of rockets, artillery, and mortars (C-RAM).
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Początki zastosowań bezzałogowych statków powietrznych oraz ich aktualna klasyfikacja

51%
Dobek P., Dobek J.
Aviation and Security Issues
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2022
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vol. 2
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issue 2
15-29
EN
The purpose of the article was to show the origins of BSP applications, to present them in the decades immediately after World War II, as well as to present the classification in force today, which is significantly important due to active development. The authors of this study identified the origins of unmanned aircraft applications, illustrated their use in the decades immediately after World War II, and presented the current classification. The development of unmanned aerial vehicles related to evolving technology shows the progress these devices have made. This article attempts to summarize the historical evolution that drones have undergone. An inference of their basic purposes is also presented, attempting to present an overview of their classification, here a common configuration.
PL
Celem artykułu było ukazanie początków zastosowań BSP, przedstawienie ich w dekadach zaraz po II wojnie światowej, jak również prezentacja klasyfikacji obowiązującej współcześnie, co jest istotnie ważne ze względu na czynny rozwój. Autorzy niniejszego opracowania zidentyfikowali początki zastosowań bezzałogowych statków powietrznych, zilustrowali ich użycie w dziesięcioleciach bezpośrednio po II wojnie światowej oraz przedstawili aktualną klasyfikację. Rozwój bezzałogowych statków powietrznych związany z rozwijającą się technologią pokazuje postęp, jakiego dokonały te urządzenia. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę podsumowania historycznej ewolucji, jaką przeszły bezzałogowce. Zaprezentowano także inferencję ich podstawowych przeznaczeń, próbując zaprezentować przegląd ich klasyfikacji, tudzież powszechną konfigurację.
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