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Niedopuszczalność zastrzegania na podstawie zasady swobody umów „quasi-kar umownych” - glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 17.01.2020 r. (IV CSK 579/17)

100%
Drapała P.
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego
|
2021
|
issue 9
67-71
EN
The commentary concerns an interesting issue whether, based on the principle of freedom of contract (Article 3531 of the Civil Code), the provisions on „quasi-contractual penalties” consisting in the obligation to pay a specified amount to the creditor in the event of withdrawal from the contract due to the debtor's delay in performing of monetary obligation, should be considered valid. This is an important problem for practice, as this kind of „penalties” under various names are often used. The view of the Supreme Court that denies the admissibility (validity) of such provisions deserves approval and the commentary presents a number of further legal arguments strengthening this position.
PL
Glosa dotyczy interesującego problemu dopuszczalności zastrzegania w ramach swobody umów (art. 3531 k.c.), „quasi-kar umownych” polegających na obowiązku zapłaty oznaczonej kwoty na rzecz wierzyciela w razie odstąpienia przez niego od umowy z powodu opóźnienia dłużnika w spełnieniu świadczenia pieniężnego. Jest to zagadnienie istotne dla praktyki, ponieważ tego rodzaju „kary umowne” pod różnymi nazwami są nierzadko stosowane w obrocie. Pogląd Sądu Najwyższego wykluczający dopuszczalność (ważność) tego rodzaju postanowień zasługuje na aprobatę, a w glosie przedstawiono szereg dalszych argumentów prawnych wzmacniających to stanowisko.
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Adaptation of Contracts to New Circumstances in Polish Law

84%
Pisuliński J.
Forum Prawnicze
|
2019
|
issue 3 (53)
48–60
EN
The aim of the article is to analyse selected issues relating to the statutory provisions and contrac- tual terms which allow to amend or terminate a contract in the event of a change in circumstances occurred after the conclusion of the contract. Many provisions of the Polish Civil Code1 grant in such a case one of the parties the right to unilaterally amend or ter- minate the contract by its declara- tion of will or a right to demand for a change or dissolving the contract by the court. The parties may also agree the specific terms in the con- tract which allow adopting their contractual relation to new cir- cumstances. If a party affected by change of circumstances exercises its right to modify the contract it should be considered a problem of how the interests of the other party should be protected.
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