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Anti-National Population Policy in the Ukrainian SSR during the 1960s–1970s: The Titular Nation of Ukraine as an Example

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Kindrachuk N. M.

Historia i Polityka

2015

issue 14(21)

33-41

The article studies the anti-national population policy of the USSR taking as the example the titular nation of Ukraine during the 1960s –1970s. The author investigates inner republican effects of migration (increasing the number of mixed marriages and the displacement of the Ukrainian language by Russian) and studies official statistics – Union censuses in 1959, 1970, and 1979 which allow a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the Ukrainians and territorial distribution in different regions of the republic. The author has found that in the outlined period the USSR government always created anti-Ukrainian background at all levels, which formed a widespread anti-national population policy of Russification and assimilation of the Ukrainians; there was an artificial formation of national-ethnic structure of the Ukrainian SSR and forcing international convergence to create a “single Soviet people”. Any statement or reference to Ukrainian national problems was regarded as a ground for harassment and persecution by the Soviet authorities and accusation of “Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism”. It has been proved that Ukrainians were the dominant nation almost throughout the USSR in the outlined period. The number of Ukrainians increased exclusively trough natural population growth, while the number of representatives of the Russian nation increased as a result of internal migration. The article presents the idea that Ukraine was one of the centers of accumulation of immigration flows in the Soviet Union, and because of this fact the multicultural Ukrainian SSR society, which basically constituted of Ukrainians, gradually turned into a bi-national society, where the Ukrainian majority coexisted with the continuously growing Russian minority. Resettlements were carried out primarily for political reasons and their aim was to deprive the native people of their national characteristics – language, culture, and the like. Demographic, economic, and social processes that were spread under the slogan of “internationalist aid” substantially changed the proportion of native and settled populations in some regions.

Polacy w Hiszpanii w latach 2004–2008

100%

Żemła K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Studia Sociologica

2009

issue 19

181-197

Artykuł porusza zagadnienia związane z najnowszą migracją Polaków na tery torium Hiszpanii, koncentrując się na dwóch aspektach tego procesu: ich skali i rozmieszczeniu. W oparciu o analizę dokumentów urzędowych dwóch instytucji hiszpańskich zajmujących się problematyką migracyjną, autorka stara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie o liczbę Polaków mieszkających w Hiszpanii, oszacować ich napływ w ciągu czterech lat, które upłynęły od rozszerzenia Unii Europejskiej, oraz uzyskać informacje na temat ich rozmieszczenia w nowym kraju.

The article describes the issues associated with the latest migration of Poles to Spain focusing on two aspects of the process: its scale and location. According to the analysis of formal documents belonging to two Spanish institutions researching on the matter of immigration issues, it is attempted in the paper to find an answer to the following questions: what the number of Poles currently living in Spain is, how to estimate their influx during the past 4 years since the expansion of the EU and how to gain information about their displacement in Spain.

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1 Historia i Polityka

1 Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Studia Sociologica

1 Kindrachuk N. M.

1 Żemła K.

1 2015

1 2009

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Anti-National Population Policy in the Ukrainian SSR during the 1960s–1970s: The Titular Nation of Ukraine as an Example

Polacy w Hiszpanii w latach 2004–2008