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‘Illusory Corporatism “Mark 2”’ in the Baltic States

100%
Woolfson C., Kallaste E.
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
|
2011
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vol. 2
|
issue 3
51-72
EN
In their paper the authors employ the notion of 'illusory corporatism' coined over a decade ago. In the Baltic states, despite introduction of neo-corporatist institutional arrangements, neo-liberal policies have prevailed, thus the term appears appropriate to describe the actual status of tripartite social dialogue in the area for many years. Following the onset of the global economic crisis, which deeply affected the Baltic region, neo-corporatist type arrangements seem to have been re-embraced by trade unions and received support of the state. However, this renewed interest in neo-corporatism is mostly a tactical move on the part of the state, aiming to facilitate social peace in the times of recession and the implementation of stern austerity measures, with trade unions largely failing to influence the shape of anti-crisis policies of governments. Th us this new chapter in the history of social dialogue in the Baltic states is labelled 'illusory corporatism Mark 2'.
2
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BANKING CONCENTRATION IN THE BALTIC AND WESTERN BALKAN STATES — SELECTED ISSUES

88%
Kubiszewska K.
Oeconomia Copernicana
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2017
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vol. 8
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issue 1
65-82
EN
Research background: In a rapidly changing economic environment companies deepen their cooperation, which occurs in all sectors of the economy. The progressive increase in market concentration, especially in the banking sector, is caused by various reasons. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to compare the tendencies within market structures in few countries which origin from similar political systems and which have got experience in transformation of banking sectors. Methods: The research concerns the Baltic and the Western Balkan States. Concentration of the banking sectors, as measured by both HHI and CR5 indices changed during the quoted period, as a result of the consolidation of the sector. The study revealed a distinct change in the growth rate of market concentration and the number of banks, and is based on data provided by the local central banks and the European Central Bank. Findings & Value added: The situation in banking sectors in the Western Balkans differed significantly, which could be explained by strong economic ties, particularly with Germany and Austria. In this region, the raising concentration of the banking markets is related to the decreasing number of banks, while in the Sea Baltic States the increasing number of institutions is accomplished by the falling concentration ratio. The paper concerns the developments of the banking sectors which are not yet well described and do not belong to the mainstream of research in the Polish literature, meaning the region of the Western Balkans.
3
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Polityka państw bałtyckich wobec Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej i III Rzeszy na przełomie marca i kwietnia 1939 roku w ocenie wileńskiej ekspozytury oddziału II Sztabu Głównego Wojska Polskiego

88%
Gajownik T.
Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski
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2018
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vol. 1
359-367
EN
Polish military intelligence had prepared a lot of analysis about political and military situations in the countries around the Republic of Poland. It was a kind of belaying towards potential Polish-German conflict. The issues of the Baltic States were interested a military intelligence’s field station in Vilnius. A few months before the Second World War has begun, Vilnius’s station prepared some analysis of domestic and foreign policy of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. One of them had discussed most important consequences of occupation of Klaipeda by German’s Wehrmacht. Additionally, in these documents, one can be read about multilateral policy of the Baltic Entente.
4

The Transformation of Energy Risk in the Baltic States

88%
Leonavičius V., Genys D.
Baltic Journal of Law & Politics
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2014
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vol. 7
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issue 1
49-69
EN
The aim of the article is to reveal the process of energy risk transformation, which creates concrete hazards for citizens of the Baltic States. The article analyzes two sides of the same problem - district heating (DH) and the renovation of multi-apartment houses. The article will show that the transformation of energy risk is affected by the legacy of a specific constellation of technological, economic and social elements of Soviet infrastructure that appears in a specific and particularly precarious shape under conditions of liberal market capitalism as regards energy security. The article consists of four parts. The first part describes the issue of district heating and shows its relation with social science. The second part describes the relation of energy risk with modernization and shows how the change of structural conditions (change from industrial society to risk society) transform concrete aspects of energy system (DH whichwere build to meet society’s need) from less risky to a serious hazard for society (which due to the rise of risk society no longer satisfies society’s needs and becomes an unsolvable problem). The third part discusses the two aspects of state socialism housing policy: social and economic. The social aspect of Soviet housing policy was a part of society's social homogenization, carried out by Soviet authorities. The economic aspect refers to the Soviet state's priorities that pushed the housing provision into the periphery of social policy. The fourth part discusses the attempts of already independent countries to solve DH problems. It is demonstrated that active and independent decisions requiring business model was imposed on passive society strongly dependent upon government decisions. Therefore, the renovation process of multi-apartment houses is complicated. The switchover to a market economy after the emergence of private property and rise of energy prices as well as the state's inability to subsidize the DH to a large extent, have highlighted the losses resulting from the multi-apartment buildings’ poor quality.
5
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Wpływ globalnego kryzysu fi nansowego na sytuacj rynku pracy w państwach bałtyckich (Litwa, Łotwa i Estonia)

75%
Ligenzowska J.
Przegląd Zachodniopomorski
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2014
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issue 3/2
189-198
EN
Contemporary economic crisis that occurred in 2008–2009, was one of the biggest crises, which has affected the global economy. The crisis began in the United States, then swept through most of the countries in the world, especially highly developed. In Europe most affected by the crisis were Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania). The consequences of this event was, among others, a decline in production and the collapse of the labor market in this area. The purpose of this article is to compare the gross domestic product, unemployment rate and the employment rate among the smallest economies in Europe. Labor market problems in the Baltic Sea are becoming more important from the point of view of EU enlargement. With the opening of the borders of the “old 15” have begun a mass migration of people in searching of higher wages and better work which led to the drain of local labor markets and the decline of skilled workforces.
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