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„Ústa svá jsi proti nebi otevřel“, aneb na okraj jednoho papežského pokárání olomouckého biskupa Roberta

100%
Hlinka V.
Studia theologica
|
2014
|
vol. 4
59-79
EN
The article focuses on Olomouc bishop Robert (1202–1240) and attempts to discover the reasons behind his resignation. Pope Gregory IX issued a papal bull in 1237 in which he condemned Robert for his public rejection of reverence for the stigmata of St. Francis of Assisi, as he did not deem them genuine. Thus, within the context of the relevant events at that time, Robert criticized important aspects of papal policy. In order to determine the broader motives for Robert’s denial of the stigmata of St. Francis of Assisi, the text analyses written evidence of Francis having received the stigmata, the documents of the church authority’s opinions on the stigmata up until the end of the 13th century, and also the general reasons for denying the stigmata.
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Die Franziskaner und das Kloster St. Johannis im städtischen Leben Stralsunds im 15. und frühen 16. Jahrhundert

80%
Schleinert D.
Przegląd Zachodniopomorski
|
2018
|
issue 4
85-93
EN
Franciscan St John’s Monastery in Stralsund, founded in 1254, occupied an important place in the religious life of that Hanseatic town in the late Middle Aged, which resulted from the role of the Franciscans played in creating the doctrine of purgatory and the ensuing concept of good deeds, which was the central point of late mediaeval piety. The numerous donations, including the testament ones, for the monastery prove the fact. In exchange for the donations the donators (private persons or guilds) were offered parcels – to build altars or chapels – and burial plots. Later the monastery offered intercessory prayer and care for the poor. The monastery and its monks enjoyed great popularity. It changed during the Reformation disturbances in the years 1523–1525. After the Reformation the monastic complex kept its character as an institution providing care for the poor.
DE
Das 1254 gegründete Franziskanerkloster St. Johannis in Stralsund nahm im religiösen Leben der spätmittelalterlichen Gesellschaft der Hansestadt eine wichtige Stellung ein. Das hatte wesentlich mit der Rolle der Franziskaner bei der Ausbildung der Lehre vom Fegefeuer und den damit untrennbar verbundenen guten Taten als dem zentralen Bestandteil der spätmittelalterlichen Frömmigkeit zu tun. Hieraus erklären sich die zahlreichen testamentarischen und sonstigen Zuwendungen für das Kloster. Im Gegenzug bot es Einzelnen, aber auch Korporationen einen Platz zur Errichtung von Altären und Kapellen sowie eine Begräbnisstätte. Fürbitten in liturgischen Gebeten kamen hinzu. Das Kloster und seine Mönche waren durchaus beliebt, was sich aber im Verlauf der reformatorischen Unruhen zwischen 1523 und 1525 grundlegend änderte. Nach der Reformation behielt die Klosteranlage ihren Charakter als Versorgungsanstalt für Arme bei.
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