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Przykład dziejowej roli arcybiskupa Josyfa Slipyja (1892-1984)

100%

Moskałyk J.

Poznańskie Studia Teologiczne

2012

issue 26

321-335

The presented here brief overview of the historical role of the spiritual leader of the Greek Catholic Church of the 20th century Josyf Slipyj is primarily aimed at paying him proper tribute on the 120th anniversary of his birth, but it is also an attempt to look at his person in a broader historical and ecclesial context. Despite his enormous contribution to a comprehensive development of the Eastern Catholic Church of the Kiev tradition and the empowerment of Eastern Catholic communities, the person of Slipyj is still insufficiently recognized both in his own country and in the world. In addition, especially in the Orthodox environment he sometimes happens to be seen as a staunch or even fanatical defender of the Catholic vision of the universality of the Church, which today is largely at odds with the principle of an open ecumenical activity. However, this is an isolated position, which has no grounds in the actual state of matters as can be concluded even from this article.

Ukraińcy w województwie gdańskim w latach 1956–1970 w świetle archiwaliów aparatu bezpieczeństwa PRL

67%

Słabig A.

Zapiski Historyczne

2011

vol. 76

issue 3

57-99

In the years 1956–1970 in Gdansk voivodeship there probably lived over 6,000 people of Ukrainian origin. They were displaced persons who had been deported there in the “Akcja Wisła” campaign (1947) from Lublin and Rzeszów voivodeships. Representatives of the old immigration connected with the former Free City of Gdańsk constituted only a small percentage of the Ukrainians. The authorities attempted to assimilate the Ukrainians totally through making it impossible for them to return to their former places of residence, supporting them financially, and satisfying their basic cultural, educational and religious needs. For this purpose they established the Ukrainian Social-Cultural Society (UTSK), which in practice was the only legal organization for the Ukrainian minority in Poland, apart from a number of quasi-official Greek Catholic pastoral units. The abovementioned organizations were strictly controlled to prevent spreading nationalistic ideas which collided with the policy of the authorities. If it was necessary, people suspected of subversive action were eliminated from public life. The units of the state administration (the Social-Administrative Department and the Department for Denominational Affairs of Presidium of Voivodeship People’s Council) and the political secret police (from the end of 1956 known as Służba Bezpieczeństwa – Security Service) cooperated to control the Ukrainian community. The dynamics of their activity depended on the personnel conditions, the political situation in Poland and the performance of the Ukrainians. The official control of the Ukrainians and other ethnic minorities was a permanent phenomenon and goes beyond the scope of this article. The security office closely watched activists of the Ukrainian Social-Cultural Society (UTSK), Greek Catholic priests, former members of the underground movement and people maintaining contacts with their relatives in the Soviet Union and in the West. Once it had been decided that their activity exceeded acceptable limits, various coercive measures were employed from the so-called preventivewarning talks down to imprisonment. It created the impression of the Security Service’s ‘omnipresence’ and ‘omniscience’, which strengthened the feeling of distrust of Poles. That is why the Ukrainian minority in the People’s Republic of Poland was given the name of the community ‘under close surveillance’.

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Przykład dziejowej roli arcybiskupa Josyfa Slipyja (1892-1984)

Ukraińcy w województwie gdańskim w latach 1956–1970 w świetle archiwaliów aparatu bezpieczeństwa PRL