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Inflanty 1587–1591 w świetle wpisów w Metryce Koronnej

100%
Krawczuk W.
Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica
|
2013
|
issue 20
91-96
PL
Dokumenty zarejestrowane w księgach Kancelarii Koronnej (Metryce Koronnej) są wykorzystywane łącznie z innymi źródłami w pracach dotyczących historii Rzeczypospolitej. W tym artykule podejście jest inne - analiza skupia się wyłącznie na dokumentach Kancelarii Koronnej. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytania: ile z dokumentów zarejestrowanych w krótkim okresie 1587–1591 opisuje sytuację w Inflantach? Jakie są główne tematy tych aktów? Jak urzędnicy kancelaryjni postrzegali sytuację w Inflantach i czy ich pogląd potwierdza współczesna historiografia? Odpowiedź jest zaskakująco pozytywna. Inflant dotyczy ok. 10% wszystkich zarejestrowanych dokumentów i mamy zróżnicowane spojrzenie na ten temat. Ta nowo zdobyta prowincja była miejscem wielu kłótni i walk. Oficerowie z Polski i Litwy musieli zorganizować administrację i udobruchać dawną szlachtę i mieszczan. Różnice wyznaniowe nie ułatwiały tego zadania, gdyż król Zygmunt III chciał odnowić strukturę Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego w Inflantach. Większość dokumentów to świadectwa nadań dla szlachty polsko-litewskiej, starej szlachty inflanckiej, a nawet mieszczan, którzy wspierali Rzeczpospolitą w walce z Moskwą. Można stwierdzić, że akty zarejestrowane w Metryce Koronnej korespondują dokładnie z poglądem na Inflanty reprezentowanym przez współczesną historiografię, choć teksty są dość lakoniczne i rzadko możemy zobaczyć kontynuację przypadku w kolejnych dokumentach.
EN
The documents registered in the Polish Crown Chancery books (Metrica Regni) are used in combination with other sources in works on the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In this article the approach is different – the analysis is focused on the Crown Chancery documents only. The questions are; how many of the documents, registered in the short period 1587–1591, described the situation in Livland and Kurland (i.e. today Latvia)? What are the main topics of this acts? How was the situation in Livland seen by the chancery clerks and if their view is supported by the modern historiography? The answer is surprisingly positive. About 10% of all registered documents concern Livland and we do get a differentiated view on the subject. This newly acquired province was a place of many quarrels and fights. The officers from Poland and Lithuania had to organize the administration and to placate the old nobility and burghers. The religious differences did not make this task easy, since the king Sigismund Vasa would like to renovate the structures of the Roman Catholic church in Livland. Most of the documents are testimonies of some grants; to the Polish – Lithuanian gentry, to the old Livonian gentry, even to some burghers, who supported the Commonwealth in the struggle with Moscovia. We can conclude that acts registered in the Polish Metrica do correspond accurately with the view on Livland represented by the modern historiography, although the texts are quite laconic and only rarely we can see a continuation of a case in next documents.
2
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Inflanty 1587–1591 w świetle wpisów w Metryce Koronnej

100%
Krawczuk W.
Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica
|
2013
|
issue 20
91-96
EN
The documents registered in the Polish Crown Chancery books (Metrica Regni) are used in combination with other sources in works on the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In this article the approach is different – the analysis is focused on the Crown Chancery documents only. The questions are; how many of the documents, registered in the short period 1587–1591, described the situation in Livland and Kurland (i.e. today Latvia)? What are the main topics of this acts? How was the situation in Livland seen by the chancery clerks and if their view is supported by the modern historiography? The answer is surprisingly positive. About 10% of all registered documents concern Livland and we do get a differentiated view on the subject. This newly acquired province was a place of many quarrels and fights. The officers from Poland and Lithuania had to organize the administration and to placate the old nobility and burghers. The religious differences did not make this task easy, since the king Sigismund Vasa would like to renovate the structures of the Roman Catholic church in Livland. Most of the documents are testimonies of some grants; to the Polish – Lithuanian gentry, to the old Livonian gentry, even to some burghers, who supported the Commonwealth in the struggle with Moscovia. We can conclude that acts registered in the Polish Metrica do correspond accurately with the view on Livland represented by the modern historiography, although the texts are quite laconic and only rarely we can see a continuation of a case in next documents.
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