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EN
The topic of this paper is the representation of the two kings of Poland – Stephen Báthory and Sigismund III Vasa – emerging from the correspondence of Lew Sapieha addressed to the Radziwiłłs of Birża: Krzysztof ‘the Thunder’ and his son Krzysztof (d. 1640), as well as Mikołaj Krzysztof Sierotka of the Nieśwież line of the family. A look at Sapieha’s writings allows to capture the differences in his descriptions of the two monarchs and also enables identifying the rhetoric tools aimed at making the king’s policies favourable in the eyes of the addressees. Sapieha’s letters are testaments of his unusual ability to depict reality colourfully; most of all, however, they enrich the knowledge on the art of epistolography in the past centuries, a topic which remains not fully explored by literary historians.
PL
Prezentowany artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie przechowywanych w zespole Archiwum Warszawskie Radziwiłłów materiałów związanych z dziejami rodu kniaziów Trubeckich. Można podzielić je na dwie grupy. Pierwsza zawiera informacje o trzech kolejnych przedstawicielach tej rodziny osiadłych w XVII w. na terenie Rzeczypospolitej (Jurij Nikiticz, Piotr Wigant i Jerzy Trubecki) i jest wynikiem ich działalności aktotwórczej. Druga część przechowywanych w Archiwum Głównym Akt Dawnych dokumentów związanych z dziejami tej rodziny, została zgromadzona w związku z problemem wypłaty „sum trubeckich” stanowiących odszkodowanie za przekazanie przez Rzeczpospolitą Trubecka Moskwie. Starania o jej uregulowanie podejmowała wdowa po Piotrze Wigancie Trubeckim, Halszka Drucka-Sokolińska wraz z drugim mężem Krzysztofem Wołodkowiczem, a po jej śmierci sam Wołodkowicz, który w wyniku wyjazdu pasierba Jerzego Trubeckiego do Moskwy w 1657 r. stał się spadkobiercą zasądzonej kwoty.
EN
The presented article is aimed at introducing materials concerning the history of the Trubecki family stored in the fonds Warsaw Archives of the Radziwiłł Family. Those materials can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of information on three successive representatives of the family who settled on the territory of the Republic in the 17th century (Jurij Nikiticz, Piotr Wigant and Jerzy Trubecki); this part is a result of their documenting activity. The second group of materials on the history of this family stored in the Central Archives of Historical Records has been collected on account of the problem of paying “the Trubeck sums” (Polish “sumy trubeckie”) – compensation for making over Trubeck to Moscow by the Republic. Attempts to settling it were made by Piotr Wigant Trubecki’s widow, Halszka Drucka-Sokolińska with her second husband Krzysztof Wołodkowicz, and after her death – by Wołodkowicz himself, who became a heir of the adjudged sum as a result of a trip of Jerzy Trubecki’s stepson to Moscow in 1657. The article is an attempt to establish a route the documents used to get to the Central Archives of Historical Records. Thanks to that a hypothesis was drawn, that a creator of the mentioned documents collection was a voivode of Mińsk Krzysztof Wołodkowicz, and their transmission to the Radzwiłł Family’s Archives was made due to family connections. A heir of Wołodkowicz was Aleksander Hilary Połubiński, and then these documents, with his daughter Anna Marianna’s hand in marriage, became a property of the Radziwiłł Family’s younger line from Kleck. Also an attempt of systematization of the archival materials was made, and these were divided into private documents, legal and possessions documents, administrative and economic documents, public activity documents and varia.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono nowe źródła pozwalające rozszerzyć dotychczasowe badania nad dawnym piśmiennictwem Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Przywołane przykłady odzwierciedlają jednocześnie współczesne metodologie literackie i bibliologiczne. Bibliotekoznawcy wykorzystują metodę funkcjonalną i stosują dyrektywę badawczą „kultura książki” m.in. w odniesieniu do wileńskich środowisk klasztornych. Geopoetyka i geokrytyka umożliwiają ujawnianie znaczenia przestrzeni, miejsc pamięci czy geograficznych nazw własnych. Zastosowanie tej metody wobec twórczości Daniela Naborowskiego czy diariusza Bogusława Kazimierza Maskiewicza pozwala na wydobycie z tych tekstów specyfiki podejścia do mniej lub bardziej znanych miejsc na mapie Rzeczypospolitej, zwłaszcza Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Metoda badań strukturalnych, stosowana zarówno przez literaturoznawców, jak i bibliologów, oparta na analizie ramy literacko-wydawniczej, została przedstawiona na przykładzie Lwowskiego rękopisu zawierającego wiersze okolicznościowe poświęcone Radziwiłłom birżańskim oraz na podstawie nieznanego, unikatowego druku przekładu Niektórych psalmów Dawidowych Salomona Rysińskiego. Zwrócono także uwagę na znaczenie badań retorycznych, wskazując możliwość wykorzystania nieznanych mów świadczących o kulturze oratorskiej Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego.
EN
The article presents the new sources which allow to broaden the existing research on the old literature of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The cited examples reflect contemporary literary and bibliological methodologies. Bibliologists use a functional method and apply a research directive called the “book culture” to (among others) the Vilnius monastic communities. Geopoetics and geocriticism reveal the significance of the space, places of remembrance or geographic names. Applying this method to the work of Daniel Naborowski or Boguslaw Kazimierz Maskiewicz’s diary enables to show the specifics of these author’s approach to some more or less known places on a map of the Kingdom of Poland and especially the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Structuralist method, used both by the literary critics and bibliologists, based on the analysis of literary-publishing frame was presented through two examples: the Lviv manuscript containing occasional poems dedicated to the Birże Radziwiłł family and the previously unknown, unique print of the translation of some David’s psalms by Salomon Rysiński. In the article it has been also highlighted the importance of rhetorical research and indicated the possibility of using unknown orations which show the oratory culture of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Pamiętnik Literacki
|
2022
|
vol. 113
|
issue 2
169-184
PL
Artykuł omawia nowo odnaleziony łaciński wiersz Daniela Naborowskiego napisany na cześć niemieckiego chirurga Wilhelma Fabriciusa Hildanusa oraz ich nieznaną dotąd korespondencję (list Naborowskiego datowany 27 VII 1613 i dwa listy Hildanusa z 12 I 1614 i 20 III 1614). Zrekonstruowano przebieg znajomości poety (oraz jego patrona Janusza I Radziwiłła) z niemieckim medykiem na podstawie odnalezionej korespondencji, opublikowanej przez Hildanusa w zbiorze „Observationum et curationum chirurgicarum centuriae”. W liście Naborowskiego pojawiły się także nowe informacje na temat bitwy pod Guzowem, stoczonej podczas rokoszu Zebrzydowskiego.
EN
The paper discusses Daniel Naborowski’s recently found poem composed to commemorate a German surgeon Wilhelm Fabricius Hildanus and their to this day unknown correspondence (Naborowski’s letter dated July 27th, 1613, and Hildanus’ two letters dated January 12th, 1614, and March 20th, 1614). The author of the article reconstructs the course of the poet’s friendship (and his patron Janusz I Radziwiłł) with the German medic as based on the correspondence published by Hildanus in the collection “Observationum et curationum chirurgicarum centuriae”. Naborowski’s letter also brings new information about the battle of Guzów waged during Zebrzydowski’s rebellion.
Zapiski Historyczne
|
2012
|
vol. 77
|
issue 1
25-39
EN
This article deals with the role of the nobility within Jesuit congregations in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth around the mid-eighteenth century. The author takes into consideration the most recent acquisitions of Western European historiography. The French historian Louis Chatellier has underlined that brotherhoods and Marian congregations in particular were not mere instruments of social control imposed by Jesuits, but rather religious organizations meeting basic social needs like the care of the Poor. Therefore, their creation was mainly demanded from laics, who then played an important role in the administration of these organizations. As Enlightenment began to have an influence on elites, Jesuits transformed brotherhoods by making them more autonomous from elites and addressed their activity in favor of lower social groups. By using Polish old prints and archive sources, the author tries to verify to which extent the framework depicted by western historiography can be applied to the Polish-Lithuanian context. Similarities, as well as differences can be observed. In comparison to Western Continental Europe, the nobility of Poland and Lithuania traditionally played a major political and economical role and identified itself with the country’s social elite. Therefore, noblemen appeared either as main financial supporters, or as the most important actors in the religious and social life of congregations. Around the mid-eighteenth century, as Enlightenment began to spread throughout the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, a close relationship persisted between Jesuits and elites. Nobility felt the importance of ensuring a minimum level of assistance to lower social groups in rural areas. In this light it can be understood the reason why Polish Jesuits enjoyed a great support from the nobility as they extended the activity of their congregations to such groups. Being under the influence of the nobility, Jesuits acted not only as part of the social care system in accordance with their religious views, but also as a factor of social cohesion in the Polish country.
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