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Johann Regius i Konrad Graser Starszy o kulcie obrazów. Przyczynek do dziejów sztuki w nowożytnym Toruniu

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Skibiński F.

Zapiski Historyczne

2011

vol. 76

issue 2

77-86

The subject of the article are viewpoints of Johann Regius and Conrad Graser the Older, pastors and scholars connected with Torun’s Academic Gymnasium School at the beginning of the 17th century, referring to the worship of images. On the basis of the polemical texts of Graser Historia Antichristi and Ultima Verba it was shown that in his polemics there appeared many topoi typical of Protestant argumentation in the dispute about the worship of pictures taking place between Catholics and advocates of Reformed denominations. The most important place is occupied by the belief about the resemblance between the Catholic cult described in the Old Testament and the worship given to idols, as well as the criticism of extravagant temples and ceremonies. Graser’s polemics was directed against the Catholics and perhaps the Lutherans; it was connected with the phenomenon of the Second Reformation in Prussian towns of the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. The statements not only prove that Toruń’s and Gdańsk’s Protestants were familiar with the basic arguments in the dispute about the worship of pictures in its European context, but they also demonstrate the manner in which the Protestant doctrine could affect the form of works of art created in Toruń in the epoch of the dominance of Reformed denominations. Finally, the source of Melchior Adam was cited, which referred to the burial of Graser and his epitaph. This proves that funerary art, embracing the biggest number of works of art to be found in churches taken over by Protestants in Toruń and other Prussian towns, was accepted even by the most radical opponents of the worship of images.

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1 Zapiski Historyczne

1 Skibiński F.

1 2011

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Johann Regius i Konrad Graser Starszy o kulcie obrazów. Przyczynek do dziejów sztuki w nowożytnym Toruniu