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1

Dionizja Poniatowska – „sawantka” z Kijowszczyzny

100%
Nowicka E.
Pamiętnik Literacki
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2020
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vol. 111
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issue 3
161-179
PL
Dionizja z Iwanowskich Poniatowska (1816–1868) to pochodząca z Podola filantropka, autorka artykułów prasowych i prac historycznych. Zainteresowana literaturą i historią, utrzymywała kontakty towarzyskie ze środowiskami artystycznymi w kraju i na emigracji. Znana wielu ówczesnym pisarzom (m.in. Teofilowi Lenartowiczowi, Zygmuntowi Krasińskiemu), kojarzona jest przede wszystkim z osobą Józefa Bohdana Zaleskiego, z którym łączyła ją długotrwała przyjaźń, poświadczona korespondencją obejmującą ponad 30 lat. Z listów Poniatowskiej wyłania się postać o żywej inteligencji i głębokiej uczuciowości, osadzonych na mocnym fundamencie etycznym. Wśród wielu wątków i tematów korespondencji na uwagę zasługuje temat kobiet. Poniatowska formułuje postulaty związane z podniesieniem społecznym znaczenia kobiet, wyprowadzone z biblijnej antropologii; jest w tym bliska koncepcjom Cypriana Norwida.
EN
Dionizja Poniatowska, de domo Iwanowska (1816–1868), was a woman philanthropist, author of press articles and historical papers, who originated from Podolia. She was interested in literature and history, socialised with artistic circles in Poland and on emigration, and known by many the then writers (e.g. Teofil Lenartowicz, Zygmunt Krasiński), though is linked primarily with Bohdan Zaleski with whom she established a long-lasting friendship authenticated by a correspondence of over 30 years. The letters present Poniatowska as a woman of acute intelligence and increased sensitivity placed on firm ethical basis. Among the many threads and subject raised in the correspondence, special attention is occupied by women. Poniatowska formulated postulates connected with social elevation of woman significance derived from Biblical anthropology. In this respect she is close to the concepts put forward by Cyprian Norwid.
2

Ukraińska monografia o Josephie Conradzie. Rec.: Ołena Tkaczuk, Multykulturna identycznist´ Dżozefa Konrada: krytyczno-typołohiczni wymiry. (Monohrafija). Kyjiw 2018

100%
Radyszewśkyj R.
Pamiętnik Literacki
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2020
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vol. 111
|
issue 3
226-230
PL
O wątkach ukraińskich w biografii i twórczości Josepha Conrada wzmiankowało wielu badaczy. Były to raczej przyczynki do tematu niż systematyczne studia. Lukę tę wypełnia omawiana tu monografia Ołeny Tkaczuk, sytuująca ukraińskość pisarza na tle jego wielokulturowości, na którą składały się tradycje Rzeczypospolitej, model wychowania w domach ziemiańskich, gdzie istotną role odgrywały język i kultura francuska, oraz późniejsze doświadczenia brytyjskie związane m.in. ze sposobem rozumienia figury gentelmana. Praca, swobodnie posługująca się językami współczesnej humanistyki, jest przykładem symbiozy badań kulturowych z biografistyką i ujęciami komparatystycznymi.
EN
Many researchers have risen the Ukrainian issues in Joseph Conrad’s biography and creativity, though they have offered rather contributions to the problem than ordered studies. This gap is filled with Olena Tkachuk’s monograph discussed here which places Conrad’s Ukraininty against the background of his multiculturality composed of the Polish Republic’s traditions, of the landowners’ model of upbringing, where crucial role was played by the French language and culture, and later of the British experience connected, inter alia, with the mode the figure of a gentleman was understood. The paper, freely exploiting the languages of modern humanities, is an example of a symbiosis between cultural studies and biography with comparative approaches.
3
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Przeobrażenia demograficzne w Polsce i na Ukrainie w okresie transformacji ustrojowej

84%
Eberhardt P.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2004
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vol. 32
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issue 1
173-186
EN
The paper seeks to compare the demographic situation in Poland with that which is in the Ukraine. The statistical analysis takes into consideration the last decade of the 20th century, that is the period in which in both countries there were great socio-economical transformations. Before evaluating the ongoing process some demographic tendencies have been outlined, the tendencies that undergo now in Central-East Europe, the demographic dynamism during the last 50 years in Poland and the Ukraine has been shown. The evolution of demographic transformations during the communist regime was in both countries convergent, although the social transformations in the Ukraine were faster in the Ukraine than in Poland. The prognoses from the turn of the 1980s and 1990s did not predict any essential changes. It was expected that natural growth would stabilise at a (not high) level, a level that would gurantee small growth of population. It turned out, however, that political transformations had unexpectedly brought about demographic repercussions. The results of statistic analysis have proved that between 1990 and 2000 the rate of births in both countries was successively going down. At the same time the rate of deaths in the Ukraine considerably increased. This had resulted in a demographic regress in the Ukraine and the stabilisation of the rate of population in Poland. The number of population in the Ukraine had decreased by ca. 3.000.000 in the period between 1990 and 2000, whereas in Poland it became stable at 38.600.000 with a tendency to go down. The demographic tendencie revealed in the 1990s both in Poland and the Ukraine manifest permanence. Consequently, the hitherto prognoses with respect to the future have gone out of date. New trends of transformations show that the number of the population in the Ukraine will systematically go down. The demographic situation of Poland is more difficult to predict, but presumably it will reach the de-population stage and the people will grow old fast.
4
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Ludność polska na Białorusi, Litwie i Ukrainie według ostatnich spisów powszechnych

84%
Eberhardt P.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2005
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vol. 33
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issue 1
145-164
EN
In the article the results are presented of the latest censuses carried out in Byelorussia in 1999, and in Lithuania and the Ukraine in 2001. The basic task of the study was to determine how big the Polish population was. The Byelorussian census showed 396 thousand, the Lithuanian one – 235 thousand, and the Ukrainian one – 144.1 thousand Poles. Altogether in the three mentioned countries bordering upon Poland the official census data showed 775.1 thousand Poles. This was 98.1 thousand fewer than the previous census carried out in the Soviet period (1989) showed. The author tries to explain the causes of this state of things. Earlier assessments done by Polish researchers showed that the data from Soviet censuses lowered the number of Poles and it was expected that the censuses carried out under new circumstances would show a considerably bigger Polish population. The results of these censuses did not confirm these research hypotheses. The constant decrease in the number of Poles in Byelorussia, Lithuania and the Ukraine results from assimilation processes that have been stimulated by social and economic changes. In the next part of the article the author tried to present the distribution of the Polish population according to the administrative units of the province or district level. A special attention was paid to the Vilnius district in Lithuania and the Grodno province in Byelorussia. In both these areas the Polish population tends to concentrate. On the other hand, the processes of atrophy of the Polish population go on in the Ukraine. This is due to the diffusion of the Polish population and its gradual sinking into the Ukrainian community.
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