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Syberie Norwida

100%
Woźniewska-Działak M.
Studia Norwidiana
|
2019
|
vol. 37
43-58
PL
Artykuł stanowi interpretację Norwidowskiego wiersza pt. Syberie, jednego z ogniw cyklu Vade-mecum. Autorka w nawiązaniu do literatury przedmiotu (Zofia Trojanowiczowa, Włodzimierz Toruń i in.) stawia tezę, iż wiersz jest lirycznym arcydziełem, maksymalnie kondensującym rozległą treść, związaną z Syberią i zesłaniami, stanowiącymi wielki temat polskiej literatury XIX w. Wiersz Norwida osadzony w kontekstach autorskich oraz w kontekstach epoki odsłania swą głębię i możliwości poetyckiej syntezy. W niniejszym artykule autorka dowodzi „udziału” utworu w trzech wielkich dialogach epoki sprowokowanych przez temat Syberii.
EN
The article is an interpretation of Norwid’s poem entitled Syberie, one of the works in the Vade-mecum series. Referring to the literature of the subject (inter alia, Zofia Trojanowiczowa, Włodzimierz Toruń), the author puts forward the thesis that the poem is a lyrical masterpiece, maximally condensing the extensive content related to Siberia and the exiles, which is a major subject of 19th-century Polish literature. Norwid’s poem, set in author’s contexts and in the contexts of the epoch, reveals its depth and possibilities of poetic synthesis. In the article, the author proves the “participation” of the work in the three great dialogues of that time provoked by the subject of Siberia.
2
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Siberie by Norwid

100%
Woźniewska-Działak M.
Studia Norwidiana
|
2019
|
vol. 37 English Version
43-60
EN
The article is an interpretation of Norwid’s poem entitled Syberie, one of the works in the Vade-mecum series. Referring to the literature of the subject (inter alia, Zofia Trojanowiczowa, Włodzimierz Toruń), the author puts forward the thesis that the poem is a lyrical masterpiece, maximally condensing the extensive content related to Siberia and the exiles, which is a major subject of 19th-century Polish literature. Norwid’s poem, set in author’s contexts and in the contexts of the epoch, reveals its depth and possibilities of poetic synthesis. In the article, the author proves the “participation” of the work in the three great dialogues of that time provoked by the subject of Siberia.
3
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Norwid and the exiles to Siberia

80%
Gadamska-Serafin R.
Studia Norwidiana
|
2019
|
vol. 37 English Version
61-95
EN
The exiles to Siberia had a profound influence on Norwid’s consciousness already in his middle school years (i.e. in the 1830s) as the next wave (following the one after the failure of the November Uprising) began at that time. The subject of exile and martyrdom was often discussed by Norwid in conversations and correspondence with his friends. Even among the poet’s close and distant relatives, there were many people who were affected by the deportation to the East (Józef Hornowski, the Kleczkowski family, Konstanty Jarnowski). The list of Norwid’s friends who were deported to Syberia is horribly long: Karol Baliński, Maksymilian Jatowt (pseud. Jakub Gordon), Agaton Giller, Karol Ruprecht, Stefan Dobrycz, Andrzej Deskur, Bronisław Zaleski, Antoni and Michał Zaleski, Anna Modzelewska and her brother, Aleksander Hercen, Piotr Ławrow. There were also some occasional meetings with the exiled or their families (Aniela Witkiewiczówna, Aleksander Czekanowski). Norwid attentively listened to oral accounts of those who returned, he also read publications on Siberian themes published from the early 1950s (among others, by Giller, Gordon, B. Zaleski). In his speeches and letters he repeatedly drew attention to the necessity of commemorating the “Siberian exiles” and providing them with support – both spiritual and material – as well as establishing the Siberian Society, “where all single sufferings and conquest would come to balance”. Providing the exiled with state protection and enabling them to return to their homeland became even one of the points of Norwid’s project for the political and social principles of future Poland.
4

Norwid i sybiracy

80%
Gadamska-Serafin R.
Studia Norwidiana
|
2019
|
vol. 37
59-89
PL
Syberyjskie zsyłki przeorały świadomość Norwida już w latach gimnazjalnych (to jest 30. XIX w.), bowiem wtedy rozpoczęła się kolejna (po polistopadowej) ich fala. Temat zesłań i męczeństwa był często podejmowany przez Norwida w rozmowach i korespondencji z przyjaciółmi. Nawet pośród bliższych i dalszych krewnych (bądź powinowatych) poety nie brakowało ludzi dotkniętych wyrokami deportacji na Wschód (Józef Hornowski, Kleczkowscy, Konstanty Jarnowski). Lista Norwidowskich znajomych-sybiraków jest przerażająco długa: Karol Baliński, Maksymilian Jatowt (pseud. Jakub Gordon), Agaton Giller, Karol Ruprecht, Stefan Dobrycz, Andrzej Deskur, Bronisław Zaleski, Antoni i Michał Zalescy, Anna Modzelewska i jej brat, Aleksander Hercen, Piotr Ławrow. Zdarzały się też spotkania z zesłańcami bądź ich rodzinami przypadkowe (Aniela Witkiewiczówna, Aleksander Czekanowski). Norwid pilnie słuchał ustnych relacji tych, którzy powrócili, sięgał również po publikacje na tematy syberyjskie, ukazujące się od początku lat 50. (m.in. Gillera, Gordona, B. Zaleskiego). W swoich wystąpieniach i listach wielokrotnie zwracał uwagę na konieczność upamiętniania „wygnańców sybirskich” i udzielania im wsparcia – modlitewnego i materialnego, a także utworzenia Towarzystwa Syberyjskiego, „gdzie by dośrodkowały się wszystkie pojedyncze wycierpienia i zdobycze”. Otoczenie sybiraków opieką państwa i umożliwienie im powrotu do ojczyzny stało się nawet jednym z punktów Norwidowskiego projektu zasad ustrojowo-społecznych przyszłej Polski.
EN
The exiles to Siberia had a profound influence on Norwid’s consciousness already in his middle school years (i.e. in the 1830s) as the next wave (following the one after the failure of the November Uprising) began at that time. The subject of exile and martyrdom was often discussed by Norwid in conversations and correspondence with his friends. Even among the poet’s close and distant relatives, there were many people who were affected by the deportation to the East (Józef Hornowski, the Kleczkowski family, Konstanty Jarnowski). The list of Norwid’s friends who were deported to Syberia is horribly long: Karol Baliński, Maksymilian Jatowt (pseud. Jakub Gordon), Agaton Giller, Karol Ruprecht, Stefan Dobrycz, Andrzej Deskur, Bronisław Zaleski, Antoni and Michał Zaleski, Anna Modzelewska and her brother, Aleksander Hercen, Piotr Ławrow. There were also some occasional meetings with the exiled or their families (Aniela Witkiewiczówna, Aleksander Czekanowski). Norwid attentively listened to oral accounts of those who returned, he also read publications on Siberian themes published from the early 1950s (among others, by Giller, Gordon, B. Zaleski). In his speeches and letters he repeatedly drew attention to the necessity of commemorating the “Siberian exiles” and providing them with support – both spiritual and material – as well as establishing the Siberian Society, “where all single sufferings and conquest would come to balance”. Providing the exiled with state protection and enabling them to return to their homeland became even one of the points of Norwid’s project for the political and social principles of future Poland.
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