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Sędzia jako biegły pismoznawca

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EN
In the presented study, the author raised the issue of the possibility of questioned document examination, including handwriting examination, by the judge in civil proceedings. The article presents both the position of doctrine and case law in this regard. Considerations in this regard included e.g. special knowledge that experts performing handwriting examinations should have, factors determining the image of handwriting and the consequences of combining the role of judge and expert in a proceeding. The article is a critical voice concerning the discussed issue.
PL
W prezentowanym opracowaniu autorka poruszyła problematykę możliwości badania prawdziwości dokumentu, w tym badania pisma ręcznego, przez sędziego w postępowaniu cywilnym. Przedstawione zostało zarówno stanowisko doktryny, jak i judykatury w tym zakresie. Rozważania w tym obszarze dotyczyły m.in. wiadomości specjalnych, jakie powinni posiadać eksperci wykonujący badania pisma ręcznego, czynników zakłócających obraz pisma oraz konsekwencji połączenia roli sędziego i biegłego w postępowaniu. Artykuł jest głosem krytycznym w odniesieniu do omawianego zagadnienia.
EN
On 25th January 2005 The Instruction Dignitas connubii became effective, which should be used in the diocese’s and interdiocese’s courts within the causes of the marriage invalidity judgment. It initiated many new elements into the process practice. The author makes a reflection about some of them, namely: Notifying the passive parties in the process of the procedural acts, Attaching the clauses prohibitive in the verdict ; Passing the legal remedies in the verdict and the evidence discussion being controversial as the lawless proofs in the process. This study is also a kind of the form of the practical grade of the application these novelties into the tribunals of the lower instances.
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