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EN
Ophelia, fated to insanity, has attracted incomparably more interest than any other Shakespearean heroine. As an archetype of a madwoman Ophelia has been in the limelight for a wide range of supporters and adversaries: literary critics, theatre and film directors, actors and actresses, psychiatrists, philosophers, writers, poets, painters, photographers, feminist and gender revolutionists, and ordinary people, especially women who want to act the story of her losing her senses. The last-mentioned category appear to be fulfilling their dreams of becoming madwomen by posing as lunatic Ophelia and being filmed. The destiny of these amateur films is to be posted on YouTube.
PL
Rozpatrując estetykę gastronomii, można skupić się na co najmniej trzech odrębnych, choć powiązanych nawzajem elementach. Pierwszym są złożone procesy, doświadczenia i względy (cele i kryteria) przygotowywania pożywienia, do których zaliczyć można dbałość o sposób podawania jedzenia na talerzu i stole. Drugim elementem są obiekty spożywcze, jako takie, rozważane pod kątem swych własności — nie tylko w sensie właściwości odbieranych przez różne narządy zmysłów, lecz także w sensie szerszych społecznych i symbolicznych znaczeń pokarmów, a wśród nich ich wartości odżywczych. Trzecim elementem są rozmaite procesy składające się na konsumpcję pożywienia. Ten trzeci wymiar gastronomii dotyczący spożywania jedzenia można rozumieć jako sztukę jedzenia w bardziej specyficznym sensie (węższym od ogólnego pojęcia sztuki gastronomicznej). To na sztuce jedzenia właśnie skupia się mój artykuł. Co odróżnia zwykły akt jedzenia od sztuki jedzenia? Jakie cechy musi mieć podmiot praktykujący jedzenie jako wyrafinowaną sztukę i jakim wartościom służy sztuka jedzenia? Jakie elementy przynależą do sztuki jedzenia i w jakie sposoby sztuka ta angażuje somatyczny podmiot, wymagając somatycznych umiejętności i wrażliwości? Jak do lepszego zrozumienia sztuki jedzenia może przyczynić się somaestetyka? W moim artykule staram się odpowiedzieć na te pytania.
EN
In considering the aesthetics of gastronomy, one can focus on at least three distinct, though related, elements. First, the complex processes, experiences, and considerations (aims and criteria) in preparing food, which can include also the preparations for the presentation of food on the plate and table; second, the food objects themselves in terms or their qualities — not only the qualities they present to our various senses but also in terms of their larger social and symbolic meanings which can also include meanings related to nutritional qualities; and third, the various processes involved in the consumption of the food. This third dimension of gastronomy, which concerns the ingestion of food, can be construed as the art of eating in the narrower, more specific sense (rather than its general sense of gastronomical art), and it is the focus of my paper. What distinguishes the mere act of eating from an art of eating? What qualities are demanded of the subject who practices eating as a refined art and what values does the art of eating serve? What are the different elements of the art of eating, and what are the different ways in such art engages the somatic subject and requires somatic skill and sensitivity? How can somaesthetics contribute to a better understanding of the art of eating? My paper addresses these questions.
EN
Main Square of interest St. John of the Cross was a man in his relationship to God. For meringue these interests can create his anthropology. It moves the issue of human dignity as the image and likeness of God, who, despite the distortion of sin allows you to create a desire for union with the Creator, as a result of God’s initiative. The man in the vision of St. John of the Cross is seen as a psychosomatic unity as well as diversity. Author subjected to a detailed analysis of the two spheres of human life: physical and spiritual. In the sphere of bodily focus on sensuality, which, because of their condition appears to be a hurdle in union with God and therefore calls for purification. In the spiritual realm are: the soul and the spirit, and the spiritual power of intellect, memory and will. They are of fundamental importance in the relationship of man to God. The article raises the question of “apetitos” as disordered human attachments.
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