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1

Problem of Cybercrime in Ukraine: Spread of, Specific Nature, and Methods of Fighting

100%
Vasylenko O.
Internal Security
|
2012
|
vol. 4(1)
153-164
EN
The article analyses the situation concerning the spread of cybercrime in Ukraine. Despite the low level of Internet usage, and that cybercrime is not an immediate threat to the average Ukrainian, Ukraine has become a place where, in the opinion of European experts, cybercrime long ago became a branch of business. The factors which caused such situation are disclosed. Computer crime, or cybercrime, is defined as the use of computer as an instrument to further illegal ends. The specific nature of cybercrime in Ukraine as well as characteristics of cyber criminals, including age and social status, are given in the article. It deals with the necessity to maintain legislation in order to fight cybercrime and the practical measures which were taken by the government such as forming the Department for Combating Cyber Crime in the structure of the MIA, creating the Interdepartmental Organized Crime Research Center etc. Also the new CC significantly toughened the punishment for committing cybercrimes. Thus, the fight against computer crimes as typical cross-border crime can be facilitated by the appropriate international and national legislative base, a range of organizational measures (including professional training) and special technical support.
2

The Council of Europe Convention Medicrime and Its Role in the Fight Against International Crime

100%
Fayzrakhmanov N.
Internal Security
|
2012
|
vol. 4(1)
55-62
EN
The falsification of medical products is due to the global corruption of the pharmaceutical industry and is a serious international problem. This crime is latent and transnational in nature, the majority of counterfeit and substandard medicines are not detected and reach the final consumer. Special danger is represented by sales of counterfeit medical products via the Internet, allowing offenders to operate anonymously. Large incomes derived from counterfeiting of medical products, serve as a source for terrorist activities and other crimes in the international scale. One serious measure to counter this crime was the adoption of the Council of Europe Convention on the counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes involving threats to public health. The Medicrime Convention is the first binding international treaty in the criminal law field on counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes involving threats to public health. The overarching aims of the aforesaid convention are to safeguard public health through criminal law measures, protect victims, promote cooperation on the national and international levels, and take preventive measures. The convention proposes an innovative concept by requiring parties to set up points of contact (Single Points of Contact (SPOC’s) within the health authorities, police and customs to exchange information and provide assistance for the operational management of cases at national level. This article describes the objectives of the Medicrime Convention, presents a summary of its rules, considers the role of the Convention in the fight against international crime. The author reveals the current trends and prospects of international cooperation in the fight against counterfeiting of medical products and similar crimes.
3
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Regulacje kodeksu karnego z 1932 r. w zakresie penalizacji przestępstw konwencyjnych przeciwko wolności seksualnej i obyczajności

75%
Olesiuk-Okomska M.
Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne
|
2023
|
vol. 75
|
issue 2
55-65
EN
Among the offences stipulated in the 1932 Criminal Code, there are transnational crimes, which include various types of behaviour which need to be criminalised and penalised in accordance with domestic legislation as a result of multilateral international agreements concluded by a given state. Among them are acts which constitute an attack on sexual freedom and decency, and the obligation to criminalise them imposes numerous transnational norms on the present-day Polish legislator.
PL
Wśród przestępstw stypizowanych w kodeksie karnym z 1932 r. znalazły się przestępstwa konwencyjne, rozumiane jako zachowania, których obowiązek kryminalizacji i penalizacji w ustawodawstwach wewnętrznych wynika z zawartych przez dane państwo wielostronnych umów międzynarodowych. Należą do nich czyny stanowiące zamachy na wolność seksualną i obyczajność, których obowiązek penalizacji nakłada dzisiaj na polskiego ustawodawcę szereg norm konwencyjnych.
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