Results found: 2

Search results

Search:
in the keywords: universal jurisdiction

Sort By:

Limit search:

Maritime piracy and maritime terrorism

100%

Ratkowska A.

Studia Prawnicze

2010

issue 2(184)

37-65

The piracy possesses very long history and for some time has been recognized as a crime of the past. The renewed of its occurrence threatened to the international commerce and maritime safety. Illegal activities at sea can be divided in two groups: piratical activities and armed robbery at sea and acts of terrorism. International law has not one unified definition of the piracy. General frames helpful in defining are established in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea which however by instituting conditions „for private ends” and „on the high seas”, restricts its use. Illegal acts of violence with relation to the ship, outside the high sea are defined by the International Maritime Organization, as armed robbery at sea to which the universal jurisdiction, is not in force. The key element that allows differentiating the piracy and the terrorism at sea is the motive. Pirates make it for the profit, and sea-terrorists are to gain, so called, the effect of the theatre. It should be noted that states directly subject by piratical attacks are rather reluctant to accusing and the sentencing of pirates in national courts in consideration of the complicated legal character of such matters and the necessity of assuring of the suitable standards of human rights. The question stays whether the international law gives sufficient grounds for accusing, sentencing and punishing of captive pirates. Despite of the undertaken activities, pirates often go free because of the lack of legal bases or the political will for sentencing. The present elaboration tries to systematize the definition of the widely understood piracy and describes mainstreams of activities undertaken by the international community, targeting the fight with this problem

Three different actions against Myanmar for genocidal acts and crimes against humanity including deportation

84%

Sałkiewicz-Munnerlyn E.

Głos Prawa. Przegląd Prawniczy Allerhanda

2019

vol. 2

issue 2(4)

360-368

Artykuł dotyczy trzech różnych rodzajów czynności prawnych przed trzema różnymi sądami, czyli przed Międzynarodowym Trybunałem Sprawiedliwości w Hadze, przed krajowym sądem w Buenos Aires (Argentyna) i przed Międzynarodowym Trybunałem Karnym w Hadze. W sprawie toczącej się przed MTS, Gambia wystąpiła przeciwko Myanmar (Birma) o zarządzenie tymczasowych środków zabezpieczających, aby zapobiec dalszemu popełnianiu zbrodni ludobójstwa; w drugiej sprawie, pozew został złożony przez Birmańską Organizację Rohingya UK (BROUK) w argentyńskim sądzie federalnym w Buenos Aires przeciwko przywódcy Myanmaru Aung San Suu Kyi (laureatce pokojowej nagroda Nobla), byłemu prezydentowi Thein Sein, byłemu prezydentowi Htin Kyaw, obecnemu prezydentowi Birmy Win Myint, a także generałowi Min Aung Hlaing, naczelnemu dowódcy sił zbrojnych Birmy. W trzeciej sprawie, prokurator ograniczyła swoje dochodzenie do przestępstw o charakterze transgranicznym, ponieważ Bangladesz jest państwem-stroną Statutu Rzymskiego. Dotyczą one głównie zbrodni przeciwko ludzkości, w tym deportacji. W dniu 14 listopada 2019 r. Sędziowie III Izby Przygotowawczej Międzynarodowego Trybunału Karnego przychylnie przyjęli wniosek prokuratora o przeprowadzenie dochodzenia w sprawie w Bangladeszu/Myanmar, w sprawie domniemanych przestępstw podlegających jurysdykcji MTK. W pierwszej i drugiej sprawie, zarówno MTS w Hadze jak i sąd federalny Argentyny w Buenos Aires, nie wydały do końca grudnia 2019 r. zarządzeń i wyroków.

The paper concerns three different legal actions before three different judicial authorities, namely the International Court of Justice in The Hague (ICJ), a national court in Buenos Aires (Argentina) and the International Criminal Court in The Hague (ICC). In the first case before the ICJ Gambia brought a case against Myanmar (Burma) as a member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation requesting, among others, the authorization of interim measures to prevent the commission of further crimes of genocide. In the second case the lawsuit was initiated by the Burmese Organization Rohingya UK (BROUK) and filed with an Argentinian federal court in Buenos Aires against Myanmar leader Aung San Suu Kyi (Recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize!), former President Thein Sein, former President Htin Kyaw, current President of Burma Win Myint, and General Min Aung Hlaing, Supreme Commander of the Burmese Armed Forces. In the third case before the ICC, the Prosecutor limited her investigation to cross-border crimes insofar as Bangladesh is a State Party to the Rome Statute. The charges concern crimes against humanity, including deportation. On 14 November 2019, the Judges of the Third Pre-Trial Chamber of the International Criminal Court authorized the Prosecutor’s request to investigate the case in the Bangladesh/Myanmar situation regarding alleged crimes within the jurisdiction of the ICC. In the first and second cases, both the International Court of Justice in The Hague and the federal court of Argentina in Buenos Aires, have not yet issued their orders and judgments.

Refine search results

1 Głos Prawa. Przegląd Prawniczy Allerhanda

1 Studia Prawnicze

1 Ratkowska A.

1 Sałkiewicz-Munnerlyn E.

1 2019

1 2010

Search results

Maritime piracy and maritime terrorism

Three different actions against Myanmar for genocidal acts and crimes against humanity including deportation