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Rejent
|
2020
|
issue 12 (356)
74-91
EN
The subject of the article is the issue of the authorization given to a trainee notary pursuant to Art. 22a of the Act of 14 February 1991 - Notary Law. The author attempts to discuss all the important practical aspects of the abovementioned institution. In order to find the purpose of the legislation the author starts with the historical interpretation. Next, he discusses one by one selected examples of the abovementioned authorizations.
EN
The subject of the article is the issue of the authorization given to a trainee notary pursuant to Art. 22a of the Act of 14 February 1991 - Notary Law. The author attempts to discuss all the important practical aspects of the abovementioned institution. In order to find the purpose of the legislation the author starts with the historical interpretation. Next, he discusses one by one selected examples of the abovementioned authorizations.
EN
This article is devoted to the analysis of legal norms regarding the license lay persons to perform task of extraordinary minister of Holy Communion (can. 910 § 2 in conjunction with can. 230 § 3). The author in the first place focused on explaining the concept of officio supplere, used in can. 230 § 3 Code of Canon Law, relative to laity extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion, and then he approached history of the institution of extraordinary minister of Holy Communion in Church. Analysis also covered the regulations on the competence of extraordinary minister of Holy Communion, such as the 1) distribute Holy Communion (can. 910 § 2); 2) bringing the Most Holy Eucharist as Viaticum to the sick (can. 911 § 2); 3) exposition and reposition of the Most Blessed Sacrament (can. 943), with the release of abuses that may appear in this matter.
EN
The work aims to show the relationship that occurs between the church authority and the celebration of the Eucharist. It is worth emphasizing that concepts such as potestas, auctoritas or iurisdictio are still at an early stage of research development, and are inextricably linked to the mission of preaching the Gospel and administering the sacraments, and constitute a specific heritage of the legal doctrine of the Church from which it is difficult to cut off when wanting to describe the issue in a canonical manner celebration of the sacrament of the Eucharist. In addition, canonical concepts such as bring, right, authorization, or duty allow a better understanding of the nature of the power necessary to celebrate the Holy Mass.
PL
Praca ma na celu pokazanie relacji, jaka zachodzi pomiędzy władzą kościelną a celebrowaniem Eucharystii. Warto podkreślić, że takie pojęcia jak potestas, auctoritas czy iurisdictio są wciąż we wczesnym stadium rozwoju badań, a nieodłącznie wiążą się z misją głoszenia Ewangelii i sprawowania sakramentów oraz stanowią specyficzne dziedzictwo doktryny prawnej Kościoła, od którego trudno się odcinać chcąc opisywać na sposób kanoniczny zagadnienie celebracji sakramentu Eucharystii. Ponadto kanoniczne pojęcia takie jak przywiej, uprawnienie, upoważnienie czy obowiązek umożliwiają lepsze zrozumienie natury władzy niezbędnej do sprawowania Mszy św.
EN
The teaching of the Catholic religion in Polish schools is subject to the competent ecclesiastical authority. In the diocese the issues related to the teaching of religion are subject to the diocesan Bishop or and others who, even if only temporarily, are placed in charge of some particular church or a community equivalent to it. The right to appoint or approve teachers of religion in polish schools belongs to the local Ordinary. The application of authorization of religion teacher to teach religion belongs to the pastor of the parish in which the school is situated. Granted authorization also called „missio canonica” authorizes the school authority to sign a contract of employment with the religion teacher. In some cases canonical mission may be withdrawn as a result of resignation, transfer or removal or deprivation. The loss of the canonical mission entails the removal of religious teacher from his position. The local Ordinary may withdraw granted canonical mission in certain cases by ecclesiastical law. The church authorities shall immediately notify the school principal of the fact withdrawal of the canonical mission.
EN
In his first treatise on legal theory, Hauptprobleme der Staatsrechtslehre (1911), Hans Kelsen seeks to recast legal norm theory in a way that would eliminate from the theory the imperative, with what Kelsen sees as its moral connotations. The result, Kelsen’s sanction theory, is not entirely successful. It leaves in place the imperative vis-à-vis legal officials, with obligations imposed on officials to implement sanctions. In the 1930s, Kelsen returns to the issue, radically recasting legal norm theory by introducing empowerment as the fundamental modality and obligation as merely derivative, a view that prevails in the second edition of the Reine Rechtslehre (1960).
PL
W swoim pierwszym traktacie z zakresu teorii prawa, Hauptprobleme der Staatsrechtslehre (1911), Hans Kelsen stara się przekształcić teorię norm prawnych w taki sposób, aby wyeliminować z niej imperatyw, wraz z tym, co Kelsen postrzega jako jego moralne konotacje. Rezultat, teoria sankcji Kelsena, nie jest w pełni udany. Pozostawia on imperatyw w stosunku do urzędników prawnych wraz z obowiązkiem stosowania sankcji nałożonym na urzędników. W latach trzydziestych Kelsen powraca do tej kwestii, radykalnie przekształcając teorię norm prawnych, wprowadzając upoważnienie jako podstawową modalność, a obowiązek jedynie jako pochodną. Pogląd ten dominuje w drugim wydaniu Reine Rechtslehre (1960).
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