Search results

1

Crime in Lithuanian Cities in Relation to Urban Planning and Design Aspects

100%

Matijošaitienė I., Gedvilaite M.

Architecture and Urban Planning

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2016

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vol. 11

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issue 1

24-31

EN

Crime is a social phenomenon, which is closely related to human behaviour, economics, urban planning and design. The detailed research of six blocks of houses in three Lithuanian cities (Kaunas, Vilnius and Panevezys) with the highest crime rates and the most heterogeneous crimes was performed. Space syntax method, crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and correlation analysis were applied. Research results demonstrate that thefts from cars, other thefts, crime against human health, robberies, small-scale hooliganism and intentional damage or destruction of property correlate with particular properties of urban spaces and design elements.

2

Urban Design and the Changing Context of Urban Regeneration in the Netherlands

100%

Stouten P., Paul STOUTEN D. U. o. T., p.l.m.stouten@tudelft.nl

European Spatial Research and Policy

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2016

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vol. 23

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issue 1

EN

Urban design schemes accompanied by avant-garde design of space have been an outcome of economic growth of cities and countries in many periods of time. At the beginning of the 21st century, Nieuw Crooswijk in Rotterdam was the largest area involved in nationally launched policies. Many times the conflicts surrounding the plan were in the news, particularly concerning the aim to attract higher incomes. Gentrification, with displacement of present and original residents forms a central issue and the discussions in Nieuw Crooswijk fit within the more general urban landscape and language of urban regeneration in Europe.

3

The Transfiguration of Fabrics and the Development of Artificial Land in Lisbon

100%

Morgado S.

Studia komitetu przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju PAN

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2018

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vol. 188

47-56

4

Culture-Led Regeneration in Rome: From the Factory City to the Knowledge City

88%

Palazzo A. L.

International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

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2017

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vol. 19

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issue 1

13-27

EN

In the early 1990s, the notion of culture-led regeneration entered the urban agenda of several European cities confronted with drastic economic changes due to losses in their industrial base. This paper critically addresses a major case in the City of Rome, indeed less affected by these phenomena. In here, the densely populated working-class districts of Ostiense and Testaccio along the Tiber River just outside the City Centre have become part for some years now of a culture-led regeneration program conveying a brand new idea of “Knowledge City” deemed able to supplant the previous image of the “Factory City.”

5

Poznańska Akademia Przestrzeni jako przykład studenckiego projektu edukacji przestrzennej

88%

Wronkowski A.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2021

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issue 63

33-48

EN

Activities aimed at impacting the social space for preschool children are increasingly common. The need to start this type of education from an early age is recognized. In the world and in Poland, many joint actions are being created to familiarize children with the issues related to urban planning, elements of spatial development and the needs of city users. One such program is the Poznań Academy of Space project, implemented since 2016 by the Academic Scientific Association of Spatial Management. The aim of the paper is to present the above project as an example of student activities to increase spatial awareness among the youngest city users. The article presents the theoretical foundations of the project, current activities and plans for the project development in the upcoming years.

6

People, Place and Partnership: Exploring Strategies to Revitalise Town Centres

88%

Hospers G.-J.

European Spatial Research and Policy

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2017

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vol. 24

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issue 1

65-79

EN

More and more town centres in Western Europe are in decline, as indicated by growing shop vacancy rates in shopping streets. To turn the tide, decision makers look for revitalisation strategies. Are there any solutions? Making use of theoretical insights, empirical findings and anecdotal evidence from the Netherlands, we suggest that town centre revitalisation is a matter of connecting people, place and partnership. First, strategies should be based on an understanding of how customers (people) behave. Secondly, redesign of the physical environment (place) might be needed, since visitors prefer compact centres that are built on a human scale and known for a unique profile. Finally, close collaboration between a wide range of local stakeholders (partnership) is essential. We conclude that town centre revitalisation is possible, but takes a lot of energy and patience from the actors involved.

7

REFLECTIONS ON THE REURBANISM PARADIGM: RE-WEAVING THE URBAN FABRIC FOR URBAN REGENERATION AND RENEWAL

88%

Haas T., Locke R.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2018

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vol. 37

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issue 4

5-21

EN

Within the realm of contemporary urban design theory and practice, a number of authors have conceptualised the trends and processes of city development and planning into a series of urbanisms. This discussion essay examines the overall tenets of the ‘ReUrbanism paradigm’, a paradigm that has long been present in city planning and development but has received limited analysis and criticism and has not gained a more integrated position within the professional and academic worlds. This paper continues a paradigm development outline, leaning on the characteristics of other urbanisms in order to develop and provide a frame of reference and to contribute to the ongoing build-up of taxonomies about the trajectory of contemporary urban design thought. Focusing on the American representative case of Detroit, the authors of this paper argue for a better understanding of this urban regeneration paradigm, which they characterise as a rational urban planning & design approach in the contemporary age of inner city renewal.

8

The White Center. A First Step of the Civic Remembrance System in Bon Pastor (Barcelona)

88%

Remesar A., Crespo-Martin B.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica

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2017

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issue 30

9-40

EN

Following the development in 2011 of the Mural of Remembrance in Baró de Viver (Barcelona) the adjacent district of Bon Pastor, showed interest in a symbolic and artistic element of similar characteristics. However, from the beginning, Bon Pastor neighbours expressed the idea that writing their remembrance should not be performed on a linear support, but should be distributed by the territory. The research team of the Polis Research Centre started a participatory process (not yet completed) within the framework of cooperation agreements between the Centre, the Neighbourhood association and the local authorities of the Sant Andreu district. At the same time, the subject of this “memory space system” became a topic to be developed by one of the, interdisciplinary and international, teams of students of the Master in Urban Design, Universitat de Barcelona. This article presents the progress made.

9

The Changing Face of Waterfront Housing Developments in Port District of Izmir, Turkey

88%

Gökcen Ş.

Studia komitetu przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju PAN

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2018

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vol. 188

57-81

10

Veřejný prostor jako počin tvůrce

75%

Ambrožová Z.

Urbanismus a územní rozvoj

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2014

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issue 3

6-11

EN

A creator, usually a construction or landscape architect, needs talent of his or her own as well as creative inhabitants and cities open to evolution in order to materialize his or her ideas. The interest of our society in an author’s act remains limited. This article looks from various points of view at authorship featuring uniqueness and artistic expression. It deals with the creation of urban space, possible sources of inspiration, and facts affecting the process of creation.

CS

Tvůrce, zpravidla stavební či krajinářský architekt, potřebuje k realizaci svých počinů ve veřejném prostoru nejen vlastní talent, ale také kreativní obyvatele a města otevřená vývoji. Zájem naší společnosti vůči autorským počinům je u nás stále velmi omezený. Tento text se snaží přiblížit ono autorství nesoucí s sebou jedinečnost a umělecký výraz z mnoha úhlů pohledů. Dále se zabývá utvářením městského prostředí a možnými inspiračními zdroji či skutečnostmi, které celý proces tvorby ovlivňují.

11

Policy-Making in Metropolitan Areas: The Aniene River as a Green Infrastructure between Roma and Tivoli

75%

Rizzo B.

International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

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2017

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vol. 19

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issue 1

29-43

EN

The European policies acknowledge greenways and “Green Infrastructure” as strategically planned and delivered networks comprising the broadest range of green spaces and other environmental features. The Aniene River, linking the eastern suburbs of Rome to the City of Tivoli, has been envisaged in a multi-level approach as a Green-Blue Infrastructure able to hinder land use fragmentation and provide new continuity to remainders of open space. In turn, landscape is taken into account as a biodiversity reservoir, the scenery of outstanding cultural heritage and the relevant backdrop of ordinary life.

12

Does Philosophy Require De-Transcendentalization? Habermas, Apel, and the Role of Transcendentals in Philosophical Discourse and Social-Scientific Explanation

75%

Michalska A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica

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2019

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issue 34

11-30

EN

The heritage of transcendental philosophy, and more specifically its viability when it comes to the problematic of the philosophy of social sciences, has been a key point of dissensus between Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel. Whereas Apel has explicitly aimed at a transcendental-pragmatic transformation of philosophy, Habermas has consequently insisted that his formal pragmatics, and the theory of communicative action which is erected upon it, radically de-transcendentalizes the subject. In a word, the disagreement concerns whether transcendental entities have any substantial role to play in philosophical discourse and social-scientific explanations. My aim is to reconstruct how Apel establishes a connection between transcendentals, qua the ideal communicative community and the possibility of non-objectifying self-reflection. As I shall demonstrate, the principles that transcendental pragmatics sees as underlying social actions are not to be understood in a strictly judicial way, as “supernorms.” Rather, they should be conceptualized and used as a means for action regulation and mutual action coordination. Against this backdrop, I show that the concept of the ideal community provides the necessary underpinnings for Habermas’ schema of validity claims and the project of reconstructive sciences.

13

Twenty Years Working with Neighbours. Citizen Participation, Is It Possible? What We Have Learned in 20 Years

75%

Remesar A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica

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2019

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issue 33

11-36

EN

In 1999, the Governing Council of the Universitat de Barcelona approved the creation of the POLIS Research Center. Later, in 2016, the Center was ratified after passing an assessment of the Catalan Accreditation Agency (AGAUR). The Centre has an interdisciplinary vocation and brings together researchers from different research groups at the University of Barcelona and cooperates with nine European and Ibero-American universities in the fields of Arts, Architecture and Human and Social Sciences. Academically, the Centre has promoted the doctoral program Public Space and Urban Regeneration (1998–2017) and the Master’s Degree in Urban Design: Art, City, Society (since 2007) and the publication of the journal On the w@terfront. The research object of the Centre is the city and its public space and, more specifically, the role of citizens in the production of Public Art and Urban Design. For this reason, the work of the Centre covers the topics related to Urban Regeneration, Sustainability, Urban Governance, Civic Remembrance, Heritage. Throughout its twenty-year history, the Centre has developed a series of projects for citizen participation in various areas of the periphery of Barcelona: River Besòs (municipality of Sant Adrià de Besòs) La Mina neighbourhood (municipality of Sant Adrià de Besòs) and the Barcelona’s neighbourhoods of Baró de Viver and Bon Pastor. A characteristic of the work of the centre has been, and is, the endorsement of citizen participation, through an innovative approach based on enabling the creative empowerment of the neighbours within the framework of Participatory Action Research. This approach is based on a project methodology, as it is understood in various project disciplines from Art to Architecture, from Design to Engineering. This article, associated with the itinerant exhibition “20 years working with neighbours,” reviews the founding project carried out by the Centre, “Social Uses of the River Besòs” (1997–1999), analysing the lessons learned, with the aim of clarifying the research criteria that the Centre follows for the development of citizen participation projects.

14

Miesto kompozicijos sampratos klausimu

75%

Grunskis T.

Town Planning and Architecture

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2010

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vol. 34

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issue 3

138-150

LT

Analizuojant daug užsienio ir Lietuvos urbanistikos teorijos literatūros šaltinių ir urbanistinės erdvės (Urban Space) bei kompozicijos analizės pavyzdžių, pateikiamų šio straipsnio literatūros sąraše, apžvelgiamos ir analizuojamos urbanistinės (arba miesto) kompozicijos kategorijos, teorinės nuostatos bei sampratos. Šiame tekste pateikiami tarpiniai didesnio tyrimo rezultatai. Kai kurios jo tezės ir nuostatos buvo paskelbtos mokslinėse konferencijose bei mokslinėse publikacijose lietuvių ir anglų kalbomis.

EN

A city nowadays has become a really complex and multi-layered structure containing the features of a phenomenon. It is a formation that has transformed or forced to rethinking many "standardized" urbanistic theories and approaches. By its shape and content it is a dynamic, constantly changing and multiple system related to other larger urban structures forming larger-scale urbanized networks. Due to such peculiarities, the city and its aesthetic qualities can no longer by judged and defined by the categories of the 19thand 20thcenturies. Its issues and problems have long ago trespassed the boundaries of a single scientific discipline. Nevertheless, the issue of urban aesthetics and composition still remains very relevant, especially bearing in mind recentglobal socio-cultural conditionsand the relatedurban unification, as, following the intense wave of urbanization, many Lithuanian towns, with the capital Vilnius preeminently, have changed a lot, both on "the outside" (cityscape) and "the inside" (local visual perception) within the last decade. Many examples of such recently transformed towns in Lithuania just testify the fact that the issue of aesthetics and composition has been almost or totally ignored in further developing or newly shaping the centers of such towns. By exploring quite a large number of foreign and Lithuanian sources of urban theory and examples of urban space and composition analysis (these are presented in the attached bibliography), the article author aims at reviewing and analyzing the categories of urban composition, its theoretical approaches and insights. This text is a presentation of interim results of the larger research. Some thesises and concepts have been also presented in different scientific conferences and publications, in the Lithuanian and English languages.Generally speaking, the urban composition issues are directly related to the aesthetics of both urban layout structure and spatial structure. With varying sizes of cities and their separate parts, means and laws of composition applied in the cities are recognized in different ways, too. Yet, speaking about the city structure by aesthetic categories, questions of different levels (or scales) and character must be solved really often. As urban composition encompasses all these levels, its different concepts and handlings exist. They can be subjective and objective. The larger the scale of the object (urban, architectural or design piece), the less subjective aspects it contains, andvice versa, the smaller the object, the more artistic features may be found in it and thus subjectivity. Only on the urban-level scale (see Table 1.) a clear element of artistic creation appears and subjective evaluation criteria could be applied.The other side of the problem of theurban compositionnotion also rests upon the fact that a city has not always been treated as a result of some artistic creation. This is especially true when speaking about the early and medieval towns, which were developing spontaneously and naturally. Signs of artistic formation are very rare and can hardly be found in the spatial structures of such towns. Particular compositional - artistic laws or canons had any influence on the formation of such towns, with functional, utilitarian requirements and the site location and socio-cultural characteristics in respect of the natural framework, socio-economic conditions, etc. standing in the first place. But could such examples be defined by the category of urban composition - this question still remains open. The key argument in discussing this issue could be the relationship between aesthetics and composition in such towns, or, in other words, how much the naturally arranged layout and spatial structure in this kind of towns is or may be aesthetical, when any artistic compositional laws have been applied to such development. Similarly, an urban structure in compliance with clear compositional laws is not necessarily aesthetical in layout and spatial structure aspects.It is noteworthy that the relationship of composition and aesthetics so far has not been analyzed in complex. More works tackling this issue may be found in the post-soviet area, especially among Russian urban scholars. Such authors as Z. N. Yargina, S. A. Stepanova, G. I. Zosimov and E. L. Beliayeva are worth mentioning. In Western theoretical urban design works the relationship between urbanism and aesthetics has been failed to analyze in complex or at least in some broader perspective. This urban tradition relates aesthetics more to the cognitive and aesthetical perception and evaluation of space.In the most general case (on the macro-scale) the urban composition relates to the concept of the city as an object of artistic work. This approach was developed a long time ago and relates to the city formation as preplanned activities focusing on exclusive parts of the town or ensembles. This approach is two-fold: on one hand a town and its spatial and layout structures are developed as completed piece from the beginning to the end. On the other - aesthetical composition laws are applied to the development of already existing layout and spatial structure for its reconstruction or adjustment. In both cases urban composition is a constituent part of the multiple town development program, which,inter alia, contains also some aesthetical features. Alongside the aesthetical - compositional issues, this developmental process, however, covers the functional, technical - utilitarian and social problems. Thereforeurban compositionis usually an integral part of some larger complex of city formation problems. Analyzing the literature sources of different periods related to this question under research, a few essential traditions of the concept could be seen. Especially noticeable is the difference between the Western and post-soviet urban traditions. The notionUrban Compositioncould be found really rarely in Western urban literature, and usually in art criticism texts about the urban space formation on the scale smaller than the entire city. Most often the concept ofUrban Compositionis used speaking about the layout and space compositional regularities of architectural and urban complexes, as well as urban public spaces. In Western tradition of urban design, aesthetical issues of a city and its parts usually are not solved on especially vast scale. This object is more often related to the visual perception and composition of larger architectural ensembles, and the notion itself is used in a quite narrower sense than in post-soviet and Russian tradition. It is likely that such absence of more general approach to urban composition in modern Western urban design tradition has been determined by the long-term city formation practice with private property being one of the key conditions of such practice and participation of many subjects in the urban planning and formation processes. Only in exclusively rare cases a city is developed as a finished compositional entirety. Merely upon the occurrence of some special precedents or conditions, the city is being developed as a completed artistic piece, but this step is necessarily preceded by some special and fast changing socio-cultural urban development conditions or circumstances (such as rapid acceleration of economic growth, real estate development, social order transformations or some other special events and/or factors changing or influencing global city development conditions). Even in such special cases, the city is rarely perceived and formed as a completed compositional unit in Western urban design tradition. Usually, this is due to the fact that more intense formation and development is concentrated in the existing metropolises, which by their size and structure are complex and fairly restricted private ownership institutions with restricted global (general) development facilities. It is noteworthy, however, that in this tradition urban composition and its object and elements are defined in fairly diverse ways (Rob Krier, Cliff Mougtin, etc.). Western urban design tradition simply has no general term for this notion, and this issue has never been raised as a problem.Different concept of urban composition was characteristic for modernist and soviet urban design tradition. The same approach still remains today in some post-soviet geopolitical areas - Poland, Russia, a little bit less in Czech Republic. The concept of urban composition is used more often here. Moreover, this term is fairly poly-functional, covering not only public spaces or urban districts, but also the entire city and even its agglomerates. This particular tradition pays a lot of attention to composition as an expression of artistic creation. The notion of urban composition covers the issues of visual perception and even formation of macro-scale urban structures. Such approach in this tradition has been formed by the socio-cultural context conditions, where the model of social order (denying any private property) allowed for the pre-planned and intense urban development, as these activities were not restricted by private property and/or other limitations present in a traditional Western European city. Alongside the political and ideological influences, the dominant aesthetical ideology and utopian brand-new city images (presenting the social life or other anthropological ideas as an objective) were considered important and realized following the Modernistic concept of the city and its space formation. Whereas in this urban tradition the main stream's relationship with a traditional city was quite ambiguous, the 1970ies saw the wave of historical core regeneration ideas, the realization of which alongside the partial solution of some aesthetical issues in this city part has formed a fairly peculiar approach towards historical values and urban composition. This regeneration process was managed and financed by the state, so the issue was tackled in a fairly complex way, therefore the exploration methods for historical core'svolumetric-spatial compositionwere developed accumulating the methods of structural, cognitive and even emotional analysis into one whole in order to evaluate and regenerate the urban tissue and view of historical cores destroyed during the Word War II. But most often, as the city modular network - morphotype influenced by traditional form of ownership simply did not exist, regeneration and harmonization problems were confined to insertion of new architecture into the traditional urban structure of the historical core. On such scale urban composition was applied to solve aesthetical - qualitative issues of architecture and urban tissue.In summary it is noteworthy to emphasize that the concept of urban composition is still wide and remains unconcrete. It is used in different ways and for different purposes by theoreticians, as well as professional architects and urbanists. The aforementioned different urban design traditions handle this term differently, in the aspects of scale and importance within the urban development process. Such differences in the approaches have been determined by treating the city as an object of artistic creation and overemphasizing the author's powers, as well as concentrating the number of urban development instruments and solution powers in "single hands". This is a contradiction between the Modernistic and Traditional approach, which manifested differently in urban development practice, in different periods of time. The Western urban design tradition has been evolving in such a direction, where a single modernistic approach towards urban development has been essentially denied. It is significant, however, that cities in this context developed uninterrupted by any radical changes of the social order. The modernistic approach is still vital in the post-soviet urban tradition, although some signs of continuity and transitional period are obvious. Lithuanian examples of downtown developments show that urban concepts created back in the soviet times were applied and implemented in these activities, and such concepts were not always correlating with traditional city structure and/or cityscape.Why upon such drastic transformation of conditions within the socio-cultural context urban development and image formation concepts did remain unchanged - is not fully clear. It is most likely that a transformation of social order still does not mean mental transformation. The key professional code applied for solving the urban development problems was not changed at the right moment, and a shortage of ideas and approaches was noticeable (it is noteworthy that solution powers were still left with professionals of the same generation and same urban school).It is also significant to emphasize that:a) A number of different concepts of urban composition exists, and they vary by the scope and boundaries of their object, as well as aspects of presentation of their qualitative content. The term and definition are more often and broadly used by post-soviet urbanists, whereas in the West this concept is narrower;b) A few different urban traditions may be distinguished, which treat the same object of urban composition and research backgrounds differently. The key are the Western and post-soviet traditions of urban design. Due to certain city development peculiarities and socio-cultural conditions, the first has developed a more local approach towards the aesthetical formation of the city as entirety. The second urban design tradition influenced by absolutely different urban development experience has formed much broader (and sometimes overall) concept of urban composition.

15

Modernistyczni mistrzowie urbanistyki jako prekursorzy współczesnego trendu „zielonej infrastruktury” i „urban garden” w kontekście zachodzących procesów przestrzennych

63%

Andrzejewska A.

Architectus

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2019

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issue 4(60)

53-64

PL

Celem artykułu było wskazanie na nowatorstwo i aktualność założeń przestrzennych koncepcji miast ogrodów, osiedli satelitarnych czy „Broadacre City” modernistycznych mistrzów urbanistyki – E. Howarda, E. Maya i F.L. Wrighta w kontekście odzwierciedlania społecznych potrzeb jednostek. Przedstawiono je w odniesieniu do współczesnego trendu „zielonej infrastruktury” jako efektywnego planowania w skali miasta, a także w oparciu o nurt „urban garden”, który propaguje przenikanie elementów zieleni pomiędzy przestrzenie zabudowane. Kluczowe w powyższym zestawieniu jest nawiązanie do zachodzących obecnie procesów przestrzennych i zmian środowiskowych.

EN

The purpose of the article was to indicate the innovativeness and timeliness of the spatial assumptions of the city-garden concepts, satellite estates and “Broadacre City” modernist masters of urban design, i.e. E. Howard, E. May and F.L. Wright in the context of reflecting the social needs of individuals. They were presented in relation of the contemporary trend of “green infrastructure” as effective planning on a city scale, as well as based on the “urban garden” trend which promotes the penetration of green elements between built-up spaces. The key to the above list is a reference to the currently occurring spatial processes and environmental changes.

16

Statutory Implications For A Sustainable Urban Form: Principles And Practice From Australia

63%

Stachura E., Dee J. A.

MIND Journal

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2016

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issue 2

1-15

EN

This paper examines the sustainability concept and its use in planning policies and regulations to guide future urban development and urban design. It provides a brief historical overview starting with the Rio Declaration and the imperative concerning the need for adapting the urban environment for efficient use of renewable resources. The paper includes an outline of planning and its transition from industrialism to the rational planning process. It refers to the well-known BedZED zero emission projects as an example of a comprehensive sustainable housing estate. Finally, the discussion paper “12 Green Guidelines” is used as a basis to compare the sustainable urban design regulations in the Victorian Planning Provisions (VPPs) for Melbourne, Australia. A cursory evaluation of the VPPs has found them to be vague with little detail and directives on how they can achieve sustainable design outcomes. Consistency in decisions is also rained because of the problem concerning discretion and interpretation. The paper concludes with a proposed research agenda for measuring the effectiveness of sustainable design principles in terms of outcomes that can deliver an environmentally efficient urban form.

17

Miasto i kultura

63%

Mizia M.

Przestrzeń Społeczna

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2018

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vol. 1

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issue 1/2018 (15)

PL

The essay is devoted to the topic of architecture, which is interdisciplinary and addressed to a wide spectrum of recipients. It uses comparative analysis with its own commentary, which should be treated as a kind of manifesto. It also presents an urban image of the city and the perspectives of its life in relation to architecture. To live or dwell generally means to occupy a certain secure space that was purchased or leased out to satisfy one’s own needs. The scope of the individual needs or possibilities and their realisation is different. One takes advantage of the city as a set of life’s scenarios. The city, which is a distributor of all kinds of services and has a considerable potential to make use of, ensures comfortable life to the wealthy and facilitates survival to the poorest. Ensuring a place for oneself within the space of the city gives one a better chance for successful life than one’s own apartment, for it is culture that is responsible for the standard of one’s life. Architects strictly follow fine art, which alters everyday cultural life, thereby spreading culture precisely in cooperation with artists, taking advantage of their arsenal of common means of expression. In order to solve the design problems, e.g. the shape of architecture and urban tissue, one ought to permanently raise the level of everyday culture in an urban community.

18

Rewitalizacja wybranych miast Azji, USA i Australii – możliwości wykorzystania doświadczeń dla polskich miast

63%

Kozłowski M., Mohd Y. Y.

Problemy Rozwoju Miast

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2010

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issue 2

50-73

PL

Jednym z kluczowych wyzwań dla miast regionów Azji, Australii i Ameryki Północnej jest galopująca urbanizacja i transformacja wspomagana przez współczesne problemy, jak globalizacja, zmiana klimatu i kryzys naftowy. We wszystkich wymienionych regionach rewitalizacja koncentruje się głównie na podupadłych terenach śródmiejskich, opustoszałych terenach nadwodnych i byłych terenach przemysłowych. W Ameryce Północnej rewitalizacji dokonuje się często poprzez stopniową fizyczną i ekonomiczną odnowę tkanki miejskiej, podczas gdy kraje azjatyckie, jak Chiny i Malezja, preferują przebudowę na wielką skalę. Rewitalizację w Azji cechuje silna ingerencja rządu centralnego. W Australii i Ameryce Północnej zarysowuje się wyraźny wzrastający trend do tworzenia związków partnerskich sektora prywatnego i publicznego w celu inicjowania, zarządzania i koordynowania przebudowy miast. Amerykę Północną cechuje też partycypacja władz federalnych. Udana rewitalizacja środowisk społecznych, ekonomicznych i fizycznych widoczna jest na przykładzie rewitalizacji ulic i alejek w centrum Melbourne, rewitalizacji dzielnicy Xintiandi w Szanghaju oraz odnowy zdegradowanej substancji mieszkaniowej w San Francisco. Te projekty i procesy rewitalizacyjne z pewną modyfikacją mogą być zastosowane wybiórczo w polskich miastach.

EN

One of the key challenges facing cities of the Asian region, Australia and North America is rapid urbanisation and transformation reinforced by contemporary issues such as globalisation, climate change and peak oil crises. In all the regions, revitalization focuses mainly on decayed inner city areas, abandoned waterfronts and former industrial sites. North America approaches revitalization through gradual economic and physical renewal of the urban fabric while the Asian countries such as China and Malaysia opt for revitalization through large scale redevelopments. Revitalisation of cities in Asia is tied to strong involvement of the central/federal government. A trend seems to be developing towards increasing partnership of the public and private sector in Australia and North America in initiating, monitoring and coordinating redevelopment. North America also features central government participation. Successful revitalization of the economic, social and the physical environments can be seen in the revitalization of streets and alleys in Central Melbourne, the revitalization of Xintiandii in Shanghai and recycling of the old dilapidated housing stock in San Francisco. These revitalization projects and processes can be selectively applied with some degree of modification for Polish cities.

19

The Landscape of Sicily in and around the 13th Century. The Idealization and Islamization of the Island in the Literary Narratives of Al-Qazwīnī and Abū Bakr al-Harawī

51%

Castro F. R.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

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2021

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issue 2

20

Urbanistikos Mokslo IR Studijų Vietos Lietuvos Klasifikatoriuose Paradoksai

51%

Daunora Z.

Town Planning and Architecture

|

2008

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vol. 32

|

issue 4

221-231

LT

Lietuvoje priimtuose mokslo (1998 m.) ir studijų (2001 m.) klasifikatoriuose reikšmingos architekto profesinės veiklos, mokslo ir studijų kryptys -urbanistinis projektavimas ir planavimas (Town and Country Planning)- pakeistos įkraštotvarką (Land Management)- kitos srities dalyką, artimą inžinerinio kaimo teritorijų tvarkymo vadybai. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami šių disciplinų sampratos skirtumai ir iškeliama klasifikatorių tikslinimo reikmė, siekiant atkurti urbanistikos mokslui ir studijoms priimtinas plėtojimo sąlygas, adekvačias egzistuojančioms kitose ES šalyse. Nurodomos su tuo susijusios kai kurios keistinos Teritorijų planavimo įstatymo nuostatos, pateikiamas urbanistikos vietos architekto profesinės veiklos, mokslo bei studijų sisteminėje sampratoje modelis ir klasifikatorių papildymo galimybės.

EN

Urban Design and Planning, being a significant field of architect's professional activity, science and education, in the Lithuanian classificators of science (1998) and education (2001) is replaced by Land Management which is concerned with another field closely related to engineering management of rural territories. The paper discusses differences in the conception of these disciplines, and need of correcting the classificators is suggested with intention to create reasonable development conditions for the science and education of urban design and planning corresponding to those existing in the other EU countries. Some of the conceptions and incorrectly used concepts of the Law on Territory Planning requiring changes are indicated.It is stated that during 11-19 years an inadequate approach to a complex and socially urgent matter, related with culture, science and art, has brought the urban development of the country to a situation having evident attributes of chaos. Most damage is done to the architecture of towns, where the role of urban design activity, defining the conceptions of built-up morphostructure, urban complexes and the architecture of public spaces, is essential. Sustainable compositional development of a town defining its individual image and aesthetic attraction also depends on the qualification of a participating architect urbanist and his role in a team of planners. A model of positioning urban design and planning in the systematic conception of architect's professional activity, science and education as well as possibilities of supplementing the classificators are proposed.

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