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The Changes in the Functional Urban Region in the New Socio-Economic Conditions in Poland. The Case of Toruń

100%
Hołowiecka B., Szymańska D.
Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series
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2008
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vol. 9
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issue 9
63-78
EN
This article attempts to determine the general tendency of changes of functioning of urban regions in the new socio-economic conditions in Poland. The functional connections resulted from an intensively and relatively permanent flow of population, which functions as foundation of identification of the urban region in that study. The paper presents the results of empirical examinations of the functional urban region of Toruń conducted in 70s, 80s, and presently. On that basis explation is presented on how the transformation of the economic system with all consequences influenced on the modification of developed and relatively stable city-surroundings relations. Additionally the article is aimed at recognizing the new determinants of urban regions development in Polish conditions.
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Processes of spatial redistribution of population and changes in educational structure of population: case study of the Košice functional urban region

51%
Novotný L., Institute of Geography F. o. S.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica
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2015
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issue 20
EN
The paper focuses on the changes in the processes of spatial redistribution of population in connection with the changes in the educational structure of population. The development of both attributes of population is examined by the case study of the urban region of Košice – the second largest city in Slovakia. Similarly with other urban regions of Central European major cities, the process of centralization of population from the region´s ring to its core changed into the decentralization, during the 1990s. While the natural reproduction of population allowed for population growth of the region as whole, the migration was the driving force of the spatial redistribution of population within the region. Along with the general changes in the educational structure of population related to transformation of educational system recorded in all Visegrad countries, research proves close relations between changes in educational structure of population and the processes of spatial redistribution of population at the intra-regional level of the Košice functional urban region. Changes in the proportion of population with elementary education as the highest educational level attained seem to be affected more by the natural reproduction of population, while the changes in the proportion of population with tertiary education indicate stronger relation with the migration development.
PL
W artykule skoncentrowano się na procesach redystrybucji przestrzennej ludności w odniesieniu do zmian w strukturze wykształcenia. Przemiany w tym zakresie przedstawiono na przykładzie regionu miejskiego Koszyce (Słowacja) – drugiego pod względem wielkości miasta w kraju. Podobnie jak w innych regionach miejskich Europy Środkowej, największe miasta charakteryzuje decentralizacja ludności. Wyludnieniu ulegają obszary rdzeniowe, zwiększa się natomiast liczba ludności w obszarach zewnętrznych regionów miejskich. Podczas gdy przyrost naturalny ludności powoduje wzrost liczby ludności w całym regionie, to proces migracji jest selektywny i decyduje o zmianach w przestrzennym rozmieszczeniu ludności. Istnieje związek pomiędzy procesami redystrybucji ludności a zmianami w strukturze wykształcenia w obrębie regionów miejskich. Obszary o wyższych wskaźnikach przyrostu naturalnego charakteryzują się niższym poziomem wykształcenia ludności, natomiast tereny, na które napływa ludność (wysokie saldo migracji) cechują się wyższym odsetkiem ludności z wykształceniem wyższym.
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