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Polonica
|
2016
|
vol. 36
43-54
EN
This paper aims to describe the new meaning of the word lemming. This meaning appeared during lastyears in Polish political discourse. It is used to characterize young liberals, especially corporate employees.The first part of this paper is devoted to the various definitions of the word lemming in Polish and Englishlexicography. This comparison enables to present various strategies of dealing with figurative meanings andassociative components of meanings. In the second part the evolution of the new meaning in contemporaryPolish has been shown.
PL
W artykule zawarto analizę sposobów językowego wyrażania prawdy jako wartości w homiliach i przemówieniach Jana Pawła II z pięciu pierwszych pielgrzymek do Ojczyzny. Właściwy trzon opracowania składa się z dwóch części. W skład pierwszej wchodzi analiza znaczenia leksemu prawda z wykorzystaniem słowników języka polskiego; w drugim porównano uzyskany tą drogą materiał ze sposobami konceptualizacji pojęcia preferowanymi przez Jana Pawła II, który najczęściej używa tego leksemu w kategoriach: wiedzy religijnej, objawionej (34,8% użyć), postępowania zgodnego z zasadami moralnymi, sprawiedliwości, racji (30,5%), zgodnej z rzeczywistością treści słów (14,3%). Ponadto konceptualizuje tę wartość jako rzeczywistość, stan faktyczny (12,7%) oraz pewnik (7,6%).
EN
The article contains the analysis of manners in which truth as a value is expressed in the homilies and speeches of John Paul II from the period of his first five pilgrimages to the Homeland. Before focusing on the semantic‑pragmatic strategies of analysis, a review of philosophical and linguistic standpoints on the notion of value judgment was made. The most popular typologies of values in humanities were also included. The main part of the study is composed of two sections. The first one contains the analysis of meaning of truth lexeme with the use of eleven Polish language dictionaries; the second compares the data obtained in the previous one with the ways of conceptualizing the notion preferred by the Pope in his homilies. Altogether, 551 expressions of the Holy Father with truth as a semantic core have been analyzed and compared. John Paul II uses this lexeme in the following contexts: revealed religious knowledge (34.8% of all usage), moral, just, or right conduct (30.5%), the accordance of words with the reality (14.3%). In addition, he also conceptualizes this value as reality, factual state (12.7%) and as an axiom (7.6%).
PL
The subject of the article is a description of reasoning that occurs in the doctrinal interpretation process, in which value judgments are used. The value judgments in doctrinal interpretation have been grouped according to the subject of the evaluation. Distinctions were made regarding the semantic ambiguities of the legal text, syntactic ambiguities of the legal text, and validation problems, filling the gap by using analogia legis.
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