Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 9

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  variants
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

Wariantywność pisowniowa frazeologizmów we współczesnych słownikach jednojęzycznych

100%
Awramiuk E.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
|
2016
|
vol. 16
EN
The article discusses spelling and punctuation variants of Polish phrases in contemporary Polish dictionaries. Spelling variants of idioms with regard to capital/lowercase spelling, most of all, results from progressing desemantization of original meanings. Examples excerpted from lexicographical sources prove that units whose meaning is not identical are usually written down in two variants, e.g. pyrrhic/Pyrrhic victory. Variants aremuch more frequently connected with a diversifiedmanner of recording a given unit in different lexicographical sources. Every dictionary provides one way of spelling of a given compound but consulting various dictionaries proves the existence of more than one variant.
2
Content available remote

Kramářská píseň jako inspirační zdroj české písně lidové (na základě analýzy textových i melodických variant písně Jaký mám trápení...)

100%
Thořová V.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
|
2010
|
vol. 97
|
issue 1
51-74
EN
The oral tradition preserved several dozens of folk songs that arose out of the broadside ballads. In these cases the broadside ballad was shortened, the strophes that included verses and formulations not reflecting the popular experience were omitted and the vulgar words replaced by formulations typical for folk song. The tolkative character of the broadside ballad was substituted by the concise way of folk song. The texts were supplemented by folk melodies. These statements can be proved by the case of the song Such a sorrow I have, cloth trousers… that arose out of the broadside ballad. This folk song existed in many textual and melodic variants and under various incipits on the whole territory of Bohemia and parts of Moravia and Slovakia. Some formulations in the broadside ballad indicate its origin in the period of 1811–1816, while the folk song appeared for the first time in the collection of K. J. Erben from the year 1864. In published and manuscript collections were ascertained in the whole 23 textual and 18 melodic variants. The tunes come out of the traditional melodies and usually imitated some concrete folk song. The songs are mostly dance songs, in triple time, mostly in the rhythm of „sousedská“, ländler or round-and-round („kolečko“). The instrumental recordings of closing parts of some songs as well as the notes of the collectors prove that these songs accompanied the dance at dance evenings or weddings. Their humorous text and dance rhythm probably contributed to their popularity and wide spreading, especially on occasions of high-spirited wedding celebrations. The song had been preserved in oral tradition, in numerous variants, for almost 200 years, and this constitutes one of the main attributes of a folk song.
3
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Topika afektownej skromności w wybranych wystąpieniach sejmowych Adama Kazimierza Czartoryskiego

100%
Gonera M.
Collectanea Philologica
|
2019
|
issue 22
117-134
EN
The main aim of the article is to present ways of expressing one of the most important means of reasoning – namely, the topos of exaggerated modesty – in selected parliamentary speeches by Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski. The considerations are focused on indicating its sources, definitions, functions and variants. The most important method used to explore the topic will be rhetorical analysis. In addition, the author indicates the relationship between the topos of exaggerated modesty and language etiquette.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

History and Normative Status of the Preposition / Prefix од- in Modern Ukrainian

86%
Дика Л., Шведова М., Dyka L., Shvedova M.
Slavia Orientalis
|
2022
|
vol. LXXI
|
issue 4
5
Content available remote

Importance of the agri-environmental and climate scheme within the framework of the environmental protection system (in the light of the Polish Rural Development Programme 2014–2020)

72%
Bartosz M., Wojciech G.
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
|
2015
|
issue 4(38)
783-792
EN
The study discusses the agri-environment scheme, which gained a high position in the process of integration of environmental protection in the framework of the CAP. The purpose of the payments was to encourage farmers to protect and improve the environment. The farmers were required to apply environmentally friendly techniques and practices for a period of five years. Received payments had additional reimbursement of extra costs and decreased income resulting from the application of environment-friendly practices. Agrienvironmental scheme was realized through packages and variants, whose number differed in time. In 2004–2006, agrienvironmental scheme included approximately 70 thousand of agricultural holdings, which labored on the surface of the 1.4 million ha. In the next programming period (2007–2013) the benefi ciaries submitted 448,6 thousand applications, and the level of payment amounted to PLN 6.7 billion. The program of the current financial perspective (2014–2020) includes 2058,9 thousand ha of agricultural land, as compared to the total area of agricultural land in the country in the amount of 14609 ha of agricultural land represents 14.1%
PL
W opracowaniu omówiono działania rolnośrodowiskowe, które uzyskały wysoką pozycję w procesie integracji ochrony środowiska w ramach WPR. Płatności miały na celu zachęcenie rolników do ochrony i poprawy stanu środowiska naturalnego. Rolnicy zobowiązani byli przez okres pięciu lat do stosowania przyjaznych dla środowiska technik i praktyk rolniczych. Otrzymane płatności miały charakter rekompensat za dodatkowe koszty i utracone dochody w związku ze stosowaniem praktyk ekologicznych. Działania rolnośrodowiskowe realizowane były poprzez pakiety i warianty, których liczba ulegała zmianie. W latach 2004–2006 działaniami rolnośrodowiskowymi objęto około 70 tys. gospodarstw rolnych, gospodarujących na powierzchni 1,4 mln ha. W kolejnym okresie programowania (2007–2013) benefi cjenci złożyli 448,6 tys. wniosków, a poziom płatności wyniósł 6,7 mld zł. Program na obecną perspektywę fi nansową (2014–2020) obejmuje 2058,9 tys. ha użytków rolnych, co w porównaniu do ogólnej powierzchni użytków rolnych w kraju – 14 609,0 tys. ha – stanowi 14,1%.
6
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Duch Havlíčkův a jiné problémy. O vydávání klasického autora

58%
Vaněk V.
Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense
|
2019
|
vol. 16
|
issue 31
71-100
EN
Since his death, Karel Havlíček Borovský (1821–1856) has been seen by the Czech public as a ‘national martyr’ (a view not entirely upheld by historical facts), as well as a symbol of courage, defiance and forthrightness. Similar qualities have been attributed to his fiction, a vivid and humorous reflection of the state of affairs in the culture and politics of his time. However, Havlíček’s poems and epigrams were created in the trying circumstances of Metternich’s Austria, during the revolutionary years of 1848 and 1849 and subsequent years of social depression. Throughout this period his publishing possibilities were limited to the demands of censorship, at risk of losing his literary existence. He wrote his best-known poems while detained in Brixen, with no hope of publication. During his lifetime he was unable to publish a single book of his own fiction, and for years after his death his works were known primarily through unauthorized copies. The first posthumous comprehensive editions of his writings (esp. Zelený 1870, Tůma 1886, Quis 1889 and 1906) were similarly limited by the political conditions of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. At the same time, however, they aimed at presenting an idealized image of the national poet by modifying and redacting the original texts. This study follows the situation outlined here from a textological perspective. In the first part, it notes the uncertain boundaries of Havlíček’s works in terms of textual units, author attribution and delimitation of genre. In the second part, it presents examples of censorship and self-censorship. In the third part, it deals with changes to Havlíček’s texts after the author’s death, mainly due to inaccurate copies and editorial interventions (e.g. the removal and concealment of taboo words). It is this aspect of publishing practice in the second half of the 19th century that results in a particularly problematic, flat and banal image of Havlíček’s work. The study is accompanied by analysis of several specific textual problems that remain unresolved.
7
Content available remote

Varianty a variování zeměpisných názvů v českém politickém diskurzu 1945-1989:

58%
David J., Rupińska A.
Acta onomastica
|
2020
|
vol. 61
|
issue 2
299-310
EN
The study is aimed at variants and variation of place names in the Czech political discourse in the period between 1945 and 1989. It is illustrated with the place names Podkarpatská Rus / Zakarpatská Ukrajina (Carpathian Ruthenia / Zakarpatia), Bahía de Cochinos / Zátoka sviní (Bahía de Cochinos / Bay of Pigs), and Falklandy / Malvíny (the Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas). The usage of a particular form (variant) and the substitution of a place name for its variant reflect the process of their politicization and ideological presentation in that-time political journalism. It also shows their usage in symbolic and metaphorical ways through their occurrences in specific collocations. The analysis is based on the Rudé právo newspaper, the official medium of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
8
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Stosunek do języka białoruskiego młodych poetów XXI wieku

44%
McMillin A.
Studia Białorutenistyczne
|
2015
|
vol. 9
EN
This article traces briefly the history of the Belarusian language in the 20th and 21st centuries, particularly the ways in which it is used by young poets, and the imagery used to describe it in their works. Also shown are some of the ways the language is spurned and passionately defended.
PL
W artykule autor omawia kondycję języka białoruskiego w XX i  XXI wieku oraz stosunek współczesnych młodych poetów do języka ojczystego, odzwierciedlony w ich twórczości poetyckiej. Są przytoczone zarówno przykłady obojętności młodych poetów białoruskich wobec  języka ojczystego, jak i zatroskania o jego los.
RU
В этой статье дается краткая история положения белорусского языка в ХХ-м и ХХІ-м веках, и, в частности, разные случаи упоминания о нем в стихах молодых поэтов; анализируются художественные образы, с помощью которых описывается отношение к белорусскому языку в их творчестве. Приводятся примеры как равнодушия к судьбе родного языка со стороны молодых поэтов, так и его страстной защиты. 
9
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Проблемы заимствования: варианты новых иноязычных слов в русском языке

44%
Кальнова О.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica
|
2016
|
issue 13
29-36
EN
The end of XX – the beginning of the 21st century in the development of the Russian language is characterized as the time of active replenishment of its dictionary structure by new foreign-language words and elements. The borrowing process and the development of loan-words is followed by variability of foreign-language neologisms that generates difficulties in their development. Materials of modern dictionaries find a tendency to increase in a share of the varying words as a part of foreign-language neologisms (from 2 % and even to 3% of a word-list). In dictionaries and texts the following types of variants are noted: allographic, spelling, phoneme-spelling, accentological, and also the variants of the combined type differing not less than two differential markers. The allographic variation which was considered as the phenomenon for the Russian language has assumed a considerable scale during modern time. Spelling and phoneme-spelling variants existence reflects insufficient extent of the word development. The considerable number of variants and a variety of the opposed markers, on the one hand, reflects a real picture of new foreign-language lexicon development. On the other hand, it extremely complicates lexicographic processing of such words and the characteristic of variants. The establishment of uniformity in writing and a pronunciation of foreign-language neologisms is an integral part of their development and a long and a difficult process.
RU
Период конца XX – начала XXI века в развитии русского языка характеризуется как время активного пополнения его словарного состава новыми иноязычными словами и элементами. Процесс заимствования иноязычных слов и их освоения сопровождается вариативностью иноязычных неологизмов, что порождает трудности в их освоении. Материалы современных словарей обнаруживают тенденцию к увеличению доли варьирующихся слов в составе иноязычных неологизмов (от 2 и даже до 3 % словника). В словарях и текстах отмечаются следующие типы вариантов: графические, орфографические, фонемно-орфографические, акцентологические, а также варианты комбинированного типа, различающиеся не менее чем двумя дифференциальными признаками. Графическое варьирование, которое считалось чрезвычайно редким для русского языка явлением, в современный период приобрело значительные масштабы. Наличие орфографических и фонемно-орфографических вариантов отражает недостаточную степень освоения слова. Значительное число вариантов и разнообразие противопоставленных признаков, с одной стороны, отражает реальную картину освоения новой иноязычной лексики. С другой стороны, это чрезвычайно осложняет лексикографическую обработку таких слов и характеристику вариантов. Установление единообразия в написании и произношении иноязычных неологизмов является неотъемлемой частью их освоения и представляет собой долгий и сложный процесс.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.