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EN
Vocational activity of the individuals with mental disorders has a serious influence on their mental functioning. Having a job is the major way of mental health promotion, on the other hand, lack of employment may contribute to the increased risk of mental disorders. Preparing the persons with mental disorders to profession, introduction to labour market and employment requires from them having additional social abilities and developing certain psychological features. The issues relating to vocational activation should be treated as a process consisting in implementation of a set of special actions. The article discuses the problem of occupational activity and selected methods of supporting employment of persons with mental disorders, as well as selected conditions – barriers and restrictions – occurring in the domestic labour market and the situation of persons with mental disorders in relation to these conditions. The artide presents also examples of initiatives aimed at creating new job places, including selected forms of support.
PL
Aktywność zawodowa osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi ma istotny wpływ na ich funkcjonowanie psychiczne. Posiadanie pracy jest jedną z głównych form promocji zdrowia psychicznego, zaś brak zatrudnienia przyczynia się do wzrostu ryzyka zachorowania. Przygotowanie osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi do zawodu, wprowadzenie na rynek pracy i zatrudnienie wymaga opanowania przez nie wielu umiejętności społecznych i wyrobienia określonych cech psychologicznych. Kwestie związane z aktywizacją zawodową należy traktować jako proces polegający na uruchomieniu zespołu specjalnych działań. Artykuł omawia problematykę aktywności zawodowej oraz wybrane metody wspierania zatrudnienia osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi, jak również wybrane uwarunkowania – bariery i ograniczenia – występujące na krajowym rynku pracy, a także sytuację tych osób na tle uwarunkowań, jak też przykłady inicjatyw mających na celu tworzenie nowych miejsc pracy, w tym wybrane formy wsparcia.
EN
The aim of the publication is to present selected aspects of starting adult life by the people with disabilities. Young adults, entering adult life, verify their plans and life goals, and tries to fulfill the life tasks typical of this stage in a satisfactory way. In certain special situations (such as disability), meeting these challenges can be difficult. The article will discuss selected aspects of the educational and occupational activity of young people with disabilities.
EN
This study focused on relations between identity and sense of self-sufficiency. These relations were analysed in the context of educational and vocational activity. 204 persons without disabilities and 230 persons with different kinds of disability participated in the study. Participants were divided into three groups: (1) 18-24-year-olds – students, (2) 25-30–yearolds – unemployed and (3) 25-30–year-olds – employed. The results revealed that unemployed people have significant problems with identity formation. This group obtained the highest scores on ruminative exploration and the lowest scores on the scales of commitment making and identification with commitment. Self-sufficiency proved to be a moderator of the relations between educational/vocational activity on the one hand and exploration in breadth and exploration in depth on the other hand. In students, level of exploration was high in individuals with a high sense of self-sufficiency whereas in the unemployed strong exploration was observed in the group with low sense of self-sufficiency. The need to conduct studies where participants are recruited from populations which seldom attract researchers’ interest, such as the unemployed and people of low social status, is also noted.
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