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EN
The main aim of the article is to analyse expectations of entrepreneurs in the recruitment process of vocational schools graduates representing three countries: Poland, Lithuania and Latvia. Questionnaire survey conducted in 2016 is confirming that the most crucial elements to which employers are paying attention at seeking the employee are the experience of the candidate and the ability to constantly learn and improve. Moreover, the most desired skills in the view of employers are communicativeness, self-reliance, teamwork and organisational skills. One should emphasise there is a competence discrepancy between companies representing the analysed countries. An example can be the level of ICT skills and knowledge of foreign languages. Potential employers from Poland and Latvia agreed that the candidate for work does not have to be fluent in another language, for example, English. A communicative level in their point of view is sufficient.
EN
This paper presents a study of the content of core curricula and selected textbooks for the third and fourth stages of education for the presence of contents related to rural areas and the protection of host ecosystems. Correlations between formal and informal environmental education in rural areas were evaluated. The author made an attempt to answer the research question: how secondary school education prepares students for further education? He described the research process and conclusions, which show, among other things, that the problem of multifunctional rural development, host ecosystems, their importance and their protection has been omitted in the core curricula for lower secondary schools, upper secondary schools, vocational schools as well as in most biology and geography textbooks. There is no mutual relationship between education of young people and adult after-school education in the country. Not only farmers but also other inhabitants of villages and towns should be committed to the protection of host systems and natural environmental values.
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano system szkolnictwa niemieckiego na podstawie modelu kształcenia fizjoterapeutów. Opisano poszczególne typy szkół, począwszy od szkoły podstawowej, poprzez możliwości, jakie niosą za sobą szkoły ponadpodstawowe – zawodowe, a także uczelnie wyższe. Został poruszony problem dostępności i klarowności systemu edukacyjnego w Niemczech. Na podstawie danych niemieckiego urzędu statystycznego dokonano analizy zaangażowa-nia społeczeństwa w proces nauki w kontekście uzyskanego wykształcenia.
EN
This article deals with the German education system and especially with the education of physiotherapists. Various school types are described starting with elementary school and going on to post-primary schools – vocational schools as well as higher education institutions. The problem of accessibility and clarity of the education system in Germany was raised; all people are requested to get involved with extensive learning. Based on the data of the German statistical office, the analysis of public involvement in the learning process in the context of the obtained education was made.
EN
The following article collects information on current experience and state of the art of CLIL methodology in vocational schools across selected countries of the European Union, namely Poland, Austria, Romania, and Spain. Relevant issues, both general and country-specific, are outlined. The analysis suggests that CLIL is the natural ally of vocationally-oriented education, therefore all attempts to introduce CLIL into vocational schools’ classrooms should be valued.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje informacje na temat aktualnego stanu wiedzy o metodologii CLIL oraz poziomu jej wdrożenia w szkołach zawodowych w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej, a mianowicie w Polsce, Austrii, Rumunii i Hiszpanii. Przedstawiono istotne kwestie zarówno ogólne, jak i specyficzne dla danego kraju. Przedstawiona analiza sugeruje, że CLIL jest naturalnym sprzymierzeńcem edukacji zorientowanej zawodowo, dlatego wszelkie próby wprowadzenia CLIL do sal lekcyjnych szkół zawodowych powinny być trakowwane przez decydentów priorytetowo.
EN
Vocational education of Ukraine has passed a long way of development. During this time, the educational institution, the legal framework that regulated their work, approaches to the training of skilled workers radically changed. At the present stage of reform it is important to thoroughly study of the peculiarities of the development of vocational education in each period, taking into account the regional aspect of development of professional-technical educational institutions. The problems of development of vocational education as historical and pedagogical issues have been risen in a number of works of the outstanding scientists. The article analyzes the state of training of workers in institutions of vocational education in Sumy in the 1960-s. The author focuses on the positive changes in the development of the network of vocational education institutions, increasing school enrolment, training skilled workers. The tasks for the construction of vocational educational institutions on the production bases of large enterprises are performed. The measures to improve living conditions for rural students in vocational schools are implemented. In strengthening the material-technical base, the improvement of the educational process has provided great assistance basic enterprises in the acquisition of equipment and teaching AIDS in vocational schools. The heads of enterprises, construction sites, farms and other economic organizations were required to allocate vocational educational institutions, acted and formed on their basis the relevant premises, free of charge transfer to schools with the necessary equipment, machines, mechanisms, devices, tools and materials for implementation of the educational process and to perform in the process of industrial training orders of enterprises and organizations. Attention is drawn to the shortcomings: insufficient material and technical base of educational and production process, the problems in providing living conditions for the students and teachers. The individual enterprises and economic organizations are not always provided the students with paid work placements for practical training. In some schools there was a slow process of implementing into the learning process science, technology, engineering, and other active forms of learning, which negatively affect the quality of skilled workers. Schools were not provided with textbooks. The role of the key enterprises in improving education and residence, as well as practical training of the students of vocational schools is defined.
EN
Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the teaching and functioning of schools at every stage of education. New challenges, difficulties, problems and experiences have appeared, which particularly affected vocational schools due to the way practical training could be implemented. Research Aim: The purpose of the study was to show how vocational schools, headmasters, and vocational teachers coped with their tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic and how the quality of vocational education changed. Method: Qualitative strategy – factual interview with elements of conceptual interview. Results: The research revealed the complications experienced by headmasters and teachers in teaching theoretical and practical vocational subjects, organizing internships and vocational exams, as well as their ways of coping with difficulties. Conclusion: Remote education in vocational schools requires both financial and systemic support; in particular, the availability of right hardware and software, training, funds to recruit educators teaching vocational subjects, as well as cooperation with employers as integral part of vocational education.
PL
Wprowadzenie: Pandemia Covid-19 zmieniła nauczanie i funkcjonowanie szkół na każdym etapie edukacyjnym. Pojawiły się nowe wyzwania, trudności, problemy i doświadczenia, które w dotyczyły szczególności szkół zawodowych, z uwagi na realizację kształcenia praktycznego. Cel badań: Celem badań było ukazanie, w jaki sposób szkoły zawodowe, dyrektorzy i nauczyciele przedmiotów zawodowych radzili sobie podczas pandemii COVID-19 i jak zmieniła się jakość kształcenia zawodowego. Metoda badań: Strategia jakościowa – wywiad faktograficzny z elementami wywiadu konceptualnego. Wyniki: Badania ukazały doświadczane przez dyrektorów i nauczycieli trudności w zakresie nauczania teoretycznych i praktycznych przedmiotów zawodowych, organizacji praktyk i egzaminów zawodowych, jak też sposoby radzenia sobie z nimi. Wnioski: Kształcenie zdalne w szkołach zawodowych wymaga wsparcia finansowego i systemowego; w szczególności zapewnienia sprzętu i oprogramowania, szkoleń; środków na pozyskanie nauczycieli przedmiotów zawodowych i współpracę z pracodawcami w ramach edukacji zawodowej.
EN
In this article we define the notion of craft, and briefly describe its historical development. Attention is also devoted to secondary vocational education, emphasizing the need for the labour market and the needs of society. Subsequently we present a research project which aim is to design, develop and validate a multimedia teaching aid (the video film), through which we expect students achieve higher performance in cognitive areas, higher motivation for learning, higher interest in professional focus and improve the learning process in selected areas of the blacksmith and timber orientation.
PL
W artykule przedstawiamy pojęcie rzemiosła i jego historię. Poświęcamy także uwagę średniemu szkolnictwu zawodowemu, skupiając się głównie na potrzebach rynku pracy i społeczeństwa. Prezentujemy projekt naukowy, którego celem jest opracowanie i wprowadzenie do użytku multimedialnych pomocy naukowych (film video), które mają docelowo wpłynąć na osiąganie przez uczniów lepszych wyników w nauce przedmiotów kognitywnych, zwiększyć motywację do nauki oraz zainteresowanie rozwojem zawodowym, a także udoskonalić proces edukacji w wybranych dziedzinach, takich jak kowalstwo i drzewoznawstwo.
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