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1

On the ruins of Ottoman Empires: Edip Adivar’s narration of the War of Independence

100%

Olszowska K. W.

Historyka Studia Metodologiczne

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2022

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vol. 52

247-259

EN

Halide Edip Adıvar was one of the best‑known symbols of the modern, pro‑Western daughters of the Republic of Turkey. Through her own life and work, she exemplified how Turkish women should change. One of her greatest works is “The Daughter of Smyrna” (“Ateşten Gömlek”); its story takes place during the war of independence. Women participated in the fight and they encouraged the fighters, similarly to Ayşe, the character from the novel. They were the symbol of Anatolia and Turkey. In the article, the context of the war of independence is briefly sketched. Then, the figure of Halide Edip is presented with the special attention paid to the period of her fight by Mustafa Kemal’s side. In the last part, the figures of the women presented in the book are analysed. The important questions asked in the article concern the similarities between the author and the characters created by her and how modern Turkish women living in the Republic of Turkey at the beginning of its existence should have looked.

2

Written Heritage of Transylvanian Princes in the Archival Funds of Ukraine

63%

Chotari Y.

Міжнародні зв’язки України: наукові пошуки і знахідки

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2021

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issue 30

243-261

EN

The written legacy of the Transylvanian princes preserved in Ukrainian archival funds is a less researched area. The aim of the article is to shed light on the documentary heritage of two Transylvanian princes preserved by the archival funds of Ukraine. The methodology of the research is based on the description of the sources, with the help of which new data is introduced into the scientific stream. Archival-descriptive methods were applied that can be used to exploit the historical data in the records. The scientific novelty of the article is about exploring sources that have not been published so far or have already been mentioned in the foreign literature, but are less known in the historical literature of Ukraine. Conclusions: The present study covers the documentary legacy of two princes, György Rákóczi I (1593-1648) and his great-grandson Ferenc Rákóczi II (1676-1735), examining the letters in the State Archives of the Transcarpathian Region, which were signed by them. Although the Transylvanian princes were not independent rulers, they left a significant mark in European history in the administrative, military and political spheres. Their military-political careers had an impact on the peoples of the region, the Ukrainians, the Hungarians, the Poles and the Germans alike. Of all the princes of the Rákóczi dynasty, the documentary legacy of the princes mentioned above is the richest in the State Archives of the Transcarpathian Region. The princes in question were suffering in the European space between the two great powers of the time, the Habsburgs and the Turkish Empire, and could succeed only with great effort. Letters, decrees, and other orders written or issued in the princely chancelleries, the description of which appears in this article, are essentially the result of the present research. These expand the image of the relationship between the peoples living in the principality and the Rákóczis, who often acted in political coercion. A detailed examination of the princes' letters of donation, the treaties with the rulers, or the relations with the poor peasantry may be of interest for further research.

3

Łotewska droga do niepodległości 1917–1921

45%

Materski W.

Dzieje Najnowsze

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2021

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vol. 53

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issue 1

5-40

EN

The article discusses the genesis and formation of the Republic of Latvia – from the 1917 February Revolution in the Russian Empire to the settlements of relations with the Bolsheviks and its de iure recognition by the Entente states. Ample space is devoted to the context of this process, the confrontation in the Baltic region, especially in Latvia, between the policy of Bolsheviks, ‘White’ Russians, Germany, Great Britain, and Poland in particular. The text emphasises the importance of the Polish Army’s victory in the war against the Bolsheviks for the stabilisation of Latvia’s internal position. Its substantial part is made up by the reconstruction based on the preserved documents of the formation of Latvian borders, emphasising the dispute over the south-eastern district of Pytalovo (Abrene).

PL

Artykuł omawia genezę i powstanie Republiki Łotewskiej – od rewolucji lutowej 1917 r. w Imperium Rosyjskim do uregulowania przez nią relacji z bolszewikami i uzyskania uznania de iure przez ententę. Obszerne miejsce poświęcono kontekstowi tego procesu, konfrontacji w regionie bałtyckim, w szczególności na Łotwie, polityki bolszewików, „białych” Rosjan, Niemiec, Wielkiej Brytanii, a w szczególności Rzeczypospolitej. Eksponuje wagę zwycięstwa Wojska Polskiego w wojnie z bolszewikami dla ustabilizowania międzynarodowej pozycji Łotwy. Ważny jego wątek stanowi odtworzony na bazie dokumentów proces kształtowania się granic Republiki Łotewskiej, w szczególności spór o południowo-wschodni okręg Pytałowo (Abrene).

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1 Dzieje Najnowsze

1 Historyka Studia Metodologiczne

1 Міжнародні зв’язки України: наукові пошуки і знахідки

1 Chotari Y.

1 Materski W.

1 Olszowska K. W.

1 2022

2 2021

On the ruins of Ottoman Empires: Edip Adivar’s narration of the War of Independence

Written Heritage of Transylvanian Princes in the Archival Funds of Ukraine

Łotewska droga do niepodległości 1917–1921