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Warunki efektywności finansowej indywidualnych systemów zagospodarowania wód opadowych

100%
Kujawiak S., Bykowski J., Mazur R., Ziemblińska K., Nyćkowiak J.
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
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2014
|
issue 4(34)
91-98
EN
The aim of this investigation was an assessment of the application effectiveness of three alternatives for rainwater harvesting systems for individual households, in central Great Poland climatic conditions. During the study the amount of storm water, which can be collected from the 3 different size roof areas (80, 135, 185 m2) was assessed, in relation to the needs of a four-person family, for the region of the Tarnowo Podgórne. The receivable amount of rainwater was analysed at a rate of 10, 25, 50% of total annual precipitation occurrence probability, including the lower values, appeared in the period of 1960-2008. For the financial efficiency evaluation of investment, an indicator of the average annual cost per unit (Ws) and the net present value (NPV) were used. The results show that for the Great Poland region with the average annual sum of precipitation of 550mm, only the roof surfaces of 185 m2 and bigger allow obtaining the profits from collected rainwater and reimbursement for building rainwater harvesting installations within 30 years of its operation.
PL
W pracy przeprowadzono analizę technicznych i ekonomicznych aspektów budowy i eksploatacji trzech wariantów instalacji do zagospodarowania wód opadowych, w warunkach klimatycznych centralnej Wielkopolski. Oszacowano ilości wód opadowych, jakie można pozyskać w nieruchomościach zlokalizowanych w gminie Tarnowo Podgórne, zróżnicowanych pod względem powierzchni dachu, na tle normatywnego zużycia wody przez czteroosobowe gospodarstwo domowe. Stwierdzono, że w analizowanych warunkach, gdy dachy mają małą (80 m2), a nawet średnią powierzchnię (135 m2), nie jest możliwe uzyskanie odpowiedniej ilości wody z opadów do pełnego zaspokojenia pozakonsumpcyjnych potrzeb gospodarczych, w latach średnich pod względem rocznej sumy opadów atmosferycznych. Przy obecnych kosztach instalacji w Polsce efektywny pod względem finansowym okazał się najprostszy wariant systemu, który umożliwia wykorzystanie wody jedynie do celów ogrodowych. Zwiększenie efektywności stosowania urządzeń będzie możliwe w przypadku wzrostu cen za doprowadzenie wody i odbiór ścieków stosowanych przez przedsiębiorstwa komunalne, względnie w przypadku zmian warunków finansowania takich zakupów, np. poprzez dopłaty lub preferencyjne oprocentowania kredytów na ich zakup.
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Projekt koncepcyjny systemu zagospodarowania wód opadowych dla osiedla jednorodzinnego

84%
Suchanek-Gabzdyl E.
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering
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2022
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vol. 3(23)
1-9
EN
The aim of the research was to create a draft concept for the management of rainwater from the area of a single-family housing estate through the use of retention and infiltration systems with the possibility of collecting rainwater on the surface or under its surface. These systems include: a storage reservoir, an absorbent trough, a rain garden, an infiltration basin, drainage boxes and root boxes. All devices have been designed in such a way that they harmonize with each other and create an extensive system of blue and green infrastructure, without overloading the sewage network. The amount of rainwater was also calculated and the planned devices were designed and dimensioned. The devices located in the estate were arranged in such a way that they could intercept water from every part of the drained area. They can hold a total of nearly 46.5 m3 of water at the same time. This gives a very high efficiency of operation in terms of protection of surface waters and retaining them at the place of their formation. Thanks to such a high absorbency of the devices used, the estate is able to work like a sponge. The accumulated water from the drained catchments is mostly drained directly into the soil profile. This has a positive effect on maintaining the appropriate quality and high level of groundwater. Water, infiltrating into the ground through drainage layers, undergoes natural pretreatment, limiting the migration of organic and mineral micro-pollutants. The applied infiltration allows to increase the efficiency of groundwater intakes without reducing their level excessively, and its maintenance is necessary to ensure an appropriate composition of these waters. Oxygenated water infiltrating the aquifer, which contains iron and manganese compounds, can oxidize sulphides to sulphates and dissolve ferric and manganese sulphates. This means an increase in costs and an extension of the purification and treatment process of the abstracted waters. The planned infiltration and retention system is of a landscape nature. It is related to the shape and development of the land surface and the directions of its use. At the same time, the systems used do not take up much space on the ground surface, give the impression of being natural, thanks to which the area around the buildings has become more attractive in terms of aesthetics and functional.
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