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Vox Patrum
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2008
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vol. 52
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issue 2
713-720
EN
The time from the conception to the birth of Jesus is most often given as nine or ten months. Sometimes one and the same author gives both numbers without any explanation, for example Tertullian, Zeno of Verona, Ambrose of Milan or Jerome. However there is no contradiction between the two. „Ten months” refers to lunar months (28 days), and corresponds to nine months in the solar calendar. The ecclesiastical authors used the formula „ten (lunar) months” not only be-cause they wanted to follow Virgil, as Adkin suggests. It appears also in the writings of pagan authors of late antiquity, and survived as a set phrase in everyday language into times when the lunar calendar was no longer used (with the exception of the Christian reckoning of Easter, which continued to be based on lunar cycles). Another matter are the opinions reported by Epiphanius in the Panarion, that Jesus was born seven (according to the Alogi) or nine and a half months after conception. These opinions arose no doubt from numerological speculation, but the length of pregnancy is also reckoned in lunar months. This shows that in late antiąuity the expression „ten months” was not merely a formula. Lunar months were still used and understood, particularly if it was to give the length of time spent by a child in its mother’s womb.
EN
The article shows the relationship between the mothers and the doughters in the context of the Antique-Christian antagonism. The conflict caused by the belonging of the women to the adverse cultures leads to the doughters’ death that bears signs of an adjourned miscarriage.
The Biblical Annals
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2023
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vol. 13
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issue 1
83-102
EN
In the Hebrew Bible, the woman’s womb is rendered by three main nouns: רֶחֶם  (most often translated as “womb”), בֶּטֶן (“belly”) and מֵעֶה (plural only: מֵעִים, “bowels”). Although these terms take on various shades of meaning, they very often refer to the female womb. In this context, they always appear in relation to God, who is particularly active in this field. This article aims to show the ways of God’s creative activity in the female womb, which also takes various metaphorical shades.
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