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EN
For the organization of social-pedagogical work with children in the religious community isused a variety of forms and methods that contribute to the implementation of this activity content. The author of the article conducted an analysis of the content of education used in Sunday schools and methods of didactic and educational work.
PL
W organizacji społeczno-pedagogicznej pracy z dziećmi we wspólnotach religijnych używa się różnorodnych form i metod, które wspierają realizację tego typu działań. Autorka artykułu przeprowadziła badania nad tym zagadnieniem i przedstwiła ich analizę.
EN
One hundred and thirty years since its creation, Children’s Album, Op. 39 by Pyotr Tchaikovsky has been re-examined taking into account the composer’s manuscript and the piece’s long-term pianistic performing tradition. Recent musicological research suggests that the Album was written as a cyclic form, in which the constituent miniatures are inter-linked by common thematic material and tonal relations and share the same philosophic narrative. The article reviews possible motives behind composing the musical piece for children and the Tchaikovsky’s dramatic circumstances at the time that might have influ-enced its final form. The melodies and texts of the original songs exploited by the com-poser as well as tales and games for children introduced in the miniatures are presented. The author discusses technical aspects of mimicking instruments such as balalaika and bar-rel organ on the piano. Practical guidance on working with the Children’s Album from the point of view of a performer and a teacher is proposed.
EN
Four kinds of research are conducted in pastoral theology: monodisciplinary, multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary. The first kind is characterized by a common aim and a common method, the second – by a common aim and different methods, the third one – by different aims and different methods, and the fourth one – by a common aim and different methods. Multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary research is necessary for modern theology, but to conduct it, excellent qualifications of a theologian-pastoralist are necessary. The paradigm of pastoral theology is based on practical syllogism. In the construction of this syllogism the major premise contains the norms for the given problem, and the minor premise contains the analysis of actual reality; and the conclusion has a normative and actual character. At every stage of research of the paradigm of pastoral theology different working methods are used. At the first (ecclesiological) research stage of the pastoral theology the paradigm the deductive method is used, but also the comparative method, the positive method, exegesis, interpretation of the text, analogy, etc. At the second (kairological) research stage the historical-theological method is used, the sociological-theological method, methods used in empirical sciences, as well as observations, interviews, surveys, and studies based on a questionnaire. In studies based on documents historical methods are used, the method of source criticism and interpretation, the comparative method, analysis of the text, etc. At the third (praxeological) research stage of the pastoral theology paradigm the method of synthesis, the method of interpretation, the method of classification, etc. are used.
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